International Scientific Conference ERAZ - Knowledge Based Sustainable Development

Abstract

Following the Revolution of Dignity in Ukraine in 2014, Russia annexed Crimea, while separatist forces supported by the Russian government seized part of the Donbas region in south-eastern Ukraine. Since the beginning of 2021, a build-up of Russian military presence has occurred along the Russia-Ukraine border. The United States and other countries have accused Russia of planning an invasion of Ukraine. On February 24th, Putin announced a "special military operation," supposedly to "demilitarize" and "denazify" Ukraine. In light of these events, the global economy and consequently the financial markets had significant structural breaks; based on these facts, this paper aims to analyze the synchronizations between the capital markets of Austria (Austrian Traded), Budapest (BUX), Bulgaria (SE SOFIX), Croatia (CROBEX), Russia (MOEX), Czech Republic (Prague SE PX), Romania (BET), Slovakia (SAX 16), and Slovenia (SBI TOP), in the period from January 2nd, 2017 to May 6th, 2022. To perform this analysis and to get more robust results we divided the sample into two sub-periods: The first from January 2nd, 2017, to December 31st, 2019, with the second sub-period called capital markets stress comprising the time lapse from January 1st, 2020, to May 6th, 2022. In order to answer the research question, we aim to find out, whether the Russian invasion of Ukraine accentuated interdependencies in Central/Eastern European financial markets. The time series do not show normal distributions, with the Russian market showing the highest risk; we find that the markets broke down significantly, mostly in March 2022 arising from instability in the global economy. The results obtained suggest very significant levels of integration during the stress period in the capital markets analyzed, and we see that during the quiet period the Slovakian market tends to be highly integrated (8 out of 8 possible), while the Slovenian market shows no integration with its regional peers, which shows that we are dealing with a segmented market. These findings suggest that markets tend toward integration in periods of extreme volatility, calling into question the implementation of efficient portfolio diversification strategies.