International Society for the Study of Fatty Acids and Lipids 2018 Symposium: Arachidonic and Docosahexaenoic Acids in Infant Development

Nettleton, Joyce A.; Salem, Norman

doi:10.1159/000495906

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…Because LCPUFAs have been shown to play an important role in the control of mediators involved in inflammation, exerting a protective role of cellular integrity against inflammation [6][7][8]21,22], we proposed to determine whether ELV could be useful to protect human nasal epithelial cells (HNEpC) exposed to HDM-induced deleterious actions. Moreover, it is well established that several bioactive metabolites synthesized from the omega-3 VLC-PUFA,n-3 counter regulate airway inflammation in asthma [23,24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elovanoids Counteract Inflammatory Signaling, Autophagy, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, and Senescence Gene Programming in Human Nasal Epithelial Cells Exposed to Allergens

et al. 2022

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To contribute to further understanding the cellular and molecular complexities of inflammatory-immune responses in allergic disorders, we have tested the pro-homeostatic elovanoids (ELV) in human nasal epithelial cells (HNEpC) in culture challenged by several allergens. ELV are novel bioactive lipid mediators synthesized from the omega-3 very-long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (VLC-PUFA,n-3). We ask if: (a) several critical signaling events that sustain the integrity of the human nasal epithelium and other organ barriers are perturbed by house dust mites (HDM) and other allergens, and (b) if ELV would participate in beneficially modulating these events. HDM is a prevalent indoor allergen that frequently causes allergic respiratory diseases, including allergic rhinitis and allergic asthma, in HDM-sensitized individuals. Our study used HNEpC as an in vitro model to study the effects of ELV in counteracting HDM sensitization resulting in inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, autophagy, and senescence. HNEpC were challenged with the following allergy inducers: LPS, poly(I:C), or Dermatophagoides farinae plus Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus extract (HDM) (30 µg/mL), with either phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) (vehicle) or ELVN-34 (500 nM). Results show that ELVN-34 promotes cell viability and reduces cytotoxicity upon HDM sensitization of HNEpC. This lipid mediator remarkably reduces the abundance of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines IL-1β, IL-8, VEGF, IL-6, CXCL1, CCL2, and cell adhesion molecule ICAM1 and restores the levels of the pleiotropic anti-inflammatory IL-10. ELVN-34 also lessens the expression of senescence gene programming as well as of gene transcription engaged in pro-inflammatory responses. Our data also uncovered that HDM triggered the expression of key genes that drive autophagy, unfolded protein response (UPR), and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP). ELVN-34 has been shown to counteract these effects effectively. Together, our data reveal a novel, pro-homeostatic, cell-protective lipid-signaling mechanism in HNEpC as potential therapeutic targets for allergies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elovanoids Counteract Inflammatory Signaling, Autophagy, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, and Senescence Gene Programming in Human Nasal Epithelial Cells Exposed to Allergens

et al. 2022

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“…Recently, it was shown that DHA and EPA are original precursors for novel lipid mediators-elovanoids with important functions for nerve and vision systems. [10] Long-chain ɷ-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA), among which again are ARA, EPA, and DHA, are vital for human health as they have immunomodulating, general strengthening properties for humans, and they are also effectively used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. [11][12][13][14][15] The amount of these acids decreases with Alzheimer's and other neurodegenerative diseases; [16][17][18][19] therefore, the basics and principles in the complex therapy of such diseases have been recently developed to correct cognitive disorders in humans, including the use of marine-organism fatty acids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipids and Fatty Acids of the Gonads of Sea Urchin Diadema setosum (Echinodermata) From the Coastal Area of the Nha Trang Bay, Central Vietnam

Мурзина

Dgebuadze

Пеккоева

et al. 2021

Euro J Lipid Sci & Tech

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The sea urchin Diadema setosum is edible and desirable as food by locals in central Vietnam and a promising target for potential fishing. The lipid profiles of the gonads of the sea urchin inhabiting the coastal area in Nha Trang Bay are studied for the first time. The determination of the content of the total lipids (TL), total phospholipids (PL), monoacylglycerols (MAG), diacylglycerols (DAG), triacylglycerols (TAG), cholesterol (Chol), sterol esters, and free fatty acids (FFA) is analyzed by high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC); the phosphatidylserine (PS), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylinositol (PI), phosphatidylcholine (PC), lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), and sphingomyelin (SM) are determined by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC); and the fatty acid levels of TLs are identified using gas chromatography (GC). Non-polar TAG, FFA, Chol, and DAG dominated. The content of total PL is significant. PC is abundant among PL fractions, followed by PE, PI, and PS. The TLs contain a high proportion of PUFA, mainly due to arachidonic fatty acid and eicosapentanoic fatty acid. The (n−6)/(n−3) ratio is 1.68, and the atherogenic and thrombogenic indexes of D. setosum are 1.13 and 0.73. The results can be used in the development of marine bioprospecting and methodological approaches for the creation of functional substances.

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“…ARA and DHA have opposing immunomodulatory effects, and the provision of IF with both ARA and DHA generates a more comparable immune response to that of a breast fed infant (4). Dietary ARA and DHA have been shown to influence immunoregulatory eicosanoid and docosanoid production, T cell function, cytokine production, and B cell activation (3,43,(90)(91)(92). Because of potential modulatory action on immune development and function, the inclusion of high levels of supplemental DHA in IF, relative to average levels currently included in IF and present in breast milk, without the addition of ARA has raised concerns.…”

Section: Immune Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Arachidonic and Docosahexaenoic Acid Supplementation on Neural and Immune Development in the Young Pig

et al. 2020

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Background: Human milk contains both arachidonic acid (ARA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Supplementation of infant formula with ARA and DHA results in fatty acid (FA) profiles, neurodevelopmental outcomes, and immune responses in formula-fed infants that are more like those observed in breastfed infants. Consequently, ARA and DHA have been historically added together to infant formula. This study investigated the impact of ARA or DHA supplementation alone or in combination on tissue FA incorporation, immune responses, and neurodevelopment in the young pig.Methods: Male pigs (N = 48 total) received one of four dietary treatments from postnatal day (PND) 2-30. Treatments targeted the following ARA/DHA levels (% of total FA): CON (0.00/0.00), ARA (0.80/0.00), DHA (0.00/0.80), and ARA+DHA (0.80/0.80). Plasma, red blood cells (RBC), and prefrontal cortex (PFC) were collected for FA analysis. Blood was collected for T cell immunophenotyping and to quantify a panel of immune outcomes. Myelin thickness in the corpus callosum was measured by transmission electron microscopy and pig movement was measured by actigraphy.Results: There were no differences in formula intake or growth between dietary groups. DHA supplementation increased brain DHA, but decreased ARA, compared with all other groups. ARA supplementation increased brain ARA compared with all other groups but did not affect brain DHA. Combined supplementation increased brain DHA levels but did not affect brain ARA levels compared with the control. Pigs fed ARA or ARA+DHA exhibited more activity than those fed CON or DHA. Diet-dependent differences in activity suggested pigs fed ARA had the lowest percent time asleep, while those fed DHA had the highest. No differences were observed for immune or myelination outcomes. Conclusion:Supplementation with ARA and DHA did not differentially affect immune responses, but ARA levels in RBC and PFC were reduced when DHA was provided without ARA. Supplementation of either ARA or DHA alone induced differences in Hahn et al.ARA and DHA Developmental Nutrition time spent asleep, and ARA inclusion increased general activity. Therefore, the current data support the combined supplementation with both ARA and DHA in infant formula and raise questions regarding the safety and nutritional suitability of ARA or DHA supplementation individually.

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International Society for the Study of Fatty Acids and Lipids 2018 Symposium: Arachidonic and Docosahexaenoic Acids in Infant Development

Cited by 12 publications

References 93 publications

Elovanoids Counteract Inflammatory Signaling, Autophagy, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, and Senescence Gene Programming in Human Nasal Epithelial Cells Exposed to Allergens

Elovanoids Counteract Inflammatory Signaling, Autophagy, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, and Senescence Gene Programming in Human Nasal Epithelial Cells Exposed to Allergens

Lipids and Fatty Acids of the Gonads of Sea Urchin Diadema setosum (Echinodermata) From the Coastal Area of the Nha Trang Bay, Central Vietnam

Impact of Arachidonic and Docosahexaenoic Acid Supplementation on Neural and Immune Development in the Young Pig

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