International Soil Protection Law: History, Concepts and Latest Developments

Boer, Ben; Ginzky, Harald; Heuser, Irene L.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-42508-5_7

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Private, common, and public goods may all benefit from increases in SOC stocks. 'Global goods' or 'global commons' refer to resources beyond national sovereignty (Boer, Ginzky, & Heuser, 2017). Examples are the atmosphere or the high seas.…”

Section: The Soc Stock Soil-derived Ecosystem Services and Soil Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil organic carbon stock as an indicator for monitoring land and soil degradation in relation to United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals

2019

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Seventeen Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) adopted in September 2015 aim to end hunger and poverty, to protect the Planet, and to ensure peace and prosperity for all. The soil organic carbon (SOC) stock is a major planetary resource supporting many critically important ecosystem services (ESs) and underpins realization of some of the SDGs at the national level. Thus, decrease in the SOC stock is among the significant universal indicators for land and soil degradation and compromises efforts to achieve the SDGs especially those with reference to food, health, water, climate, and land management. However, there is currently no well‐established relationship (i.e., quantitative evidence) between the SOC stock and the level of ESs attributable to it. Further, basic soil data and monitoring systems including those of SOC stock and its changes are not available for many regions and nations. This uncertainty affects the suitability of using the SOC stock as absolute indicator to monitor changes in land and soil degradation and, particularly, in relation to the SDG monitoring framework. Thus, although the SOC stock is arguably an important indicator for land and soil degradation among others, more research and data on a national level are needed to establish the relationship between the SOC stock and the targets to monitor progress towards achieving the SDGs with reference to food, health, water, climate, and land management. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first review on the suitability of the SOC stock as an indicator for monitoring land and soil degradation with regard to the SDG framework.

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Section: The Soc Stock Soil-derived Ecosystem Services and Soil Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil organic carbon stock as an indicator for monitoring land and soil degradation in relation to United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals

2019

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“…In 1972, the Council of Europe created and adopted the European Soil Charter, a concise but relatively holistic set of soil protection aspirations [201] which was non-binding, but regarded nevertheless as the first international legal instrument dedicated specifically to protecting soils [199,202]. In 1977, the UN held its first Conference on Desertification (UNCOD), and produced its Plan of Action to Combat Desertification (PACD) [203].…”

Section: Emergence Of Soil In Modern International Law and Policymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The 1972 UN Conference on the Human Environment (UNCHE) in Stockholm was effectively the first major international conference on environmental protection and sustainable development, and has been referred to by Boer et al . as marking the: ‘…first phase of international soil protection law’ [ 199 , 200 ].…”

Section: The Modern Governance Of Soil Resources Worldwidementioning

confidence: 99%

Saving the ground beneath our feet: Establishing priorities and criteria for governing soil use and protection

Peake

Robb²

2021

R. Soc. open sci.

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The continual loss and impairment of soil ecosystem services (SES) across the globe calls for a fundamental reconsideration of soil governance mechanisms. This critical synthesis charts the history and evolution of national and international soil law and seeks to unravel certain challenges that have contributed to this failure in governance. It describes and categorizes law and policy responses to different soil threats, and identifies a worrying widespread absence of legislation for oversight and protection of agricultural soils from urbanization, as well as a lack of clear legal mechanisms to determine national priorities for soil protection. A reduction in the world's prime farmland threatens SES, including food security, carbon storage and biodiversity. Falling between the stalls of agricultural and environmental law, the fate of farmland is often left to planners who do not see themselves as responsible for soils. Consequently, legal instruments with the greatest power to affect soil, sometimes irreversibly, are often framed and worded with little or no reference to the soil. Nevertheless, emerging conceptual frameworks might offer positive outcomes. The authors advocate robust holistic policies of soil governance and land use planning that place SES and natural capital at the heart of decision making.

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“…Land degradation is a problem increasing the number of people in poverty (Boer et al, 2017) and is linked to food insecurity and vulnerability to climate change (Barbier & Hochard, 2016). Although the assessment of forest land degradation at the Homogeneous Ecological Zones (EZ) level has not been conducted to assess the effect it has had on forests in Mexico.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degraded forest lands and pine plantations in homogeneous ecological areas

García

Méndez-González²,

Flores

2021

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Objectives: i) to determine the total degraded areas of EZ in the country, ii) estimate the priority degraded areas for restoration planting, and iii) assess the species and planted areas of the Pinus genus and whether these were within their natural distribution range.Design/methodology/approach: total EZ degradation surfaces and priority degraded areas for restoration plantings were determined with the Germplasm Movement Zones and Restoration Zones of the Comisión Nacional Forestal (NationalForestry Commission, CONAFOR), while planted surfaces were estimated from the CONAFOR records from 2016 to 2018.Results: on degradation, it was shown that three EZ had large areas, six EZ intermediate areas and 32 EZ small areas; two degradation types (III.C and III.D) were prioritized and viable for restoration plantings; four species (23 %) were established outside their natural distribution range while ten (59 %) were within it, three species were undefined.Study limitations/implications: for restoration of areas, it is necessary to avoid high initial plant mortality and poor growth.Findings/conclusions: the north of the country has larger areas with degradation,while the center, north and south have areas with medium and low degradation; planting species outside their distribution range leads to plant adaptation problems.

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International Soil Protection Law: History, Concepts and Latest Developments

Cited by 17 publications

References 5 publications

Soil organic carbon stock as an indicator for monitoring land and soil degradation in relation to United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals

Soil organic carbon stock as an indicator for monitoring land and soil degradation in relation to United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals

Saving the ground beneath our feet: Establishing priorities and criteria for governing soil use and protection

Degraded forest lands and pine plantations in homogeneous ecological areas

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