International Trade in Aquatic Animals and Aquatic Animal Health: What Lessons Have We Learned So Far in Managing the Risks?

Abstract

魚病研究 F i s h P a t h o l o g y , 4 4 ( 3 ), 1 0 7 -1 1 4 , 2 0 0 9 . 9 © 2 0 0 9 T h e J a p a n e s e S o c i e t y o f F i s h P a t h o l o g y I n t e r n a t i o n a l T r a d e i n Aq u a t i c An i ma l s a n d Aq u a t i c An i ma l He a l t h : Wh a t L e s s o n s Ha v e We L e a r n e d S o F a r i n Ma n a g i n g t h e Ri s k s ?Me l b a G. B o n d a d -Re a n t a s o * , A u d u n L e m a n d Ro h a n a P . S u b a s i n g h eDe p a r t

A review on the morphology, molecular characterization, morphogenesis and pathogenesis of white spot syndrome virus

“…In 2002, WSSV was found in wild crustaceans off the French Mediterranean coast (see Marks 2005). The presence of WSSV in the Mediterranean may hamper the development of shrimp aquaculture, especially in North African Chou et al 1995Chou et al 1993 China, Japan, Korea Zhan et al 1998;Inouye et al 1994;Park et al 1998Park et al 1994 Thailand, India, Bangladesh Lo et al 1996a;Karunasagar et al 1997;Mazid & Banu 2002USA Lightner 1996Wang et al 1999aWang et al 1996 Indonesia, Malaysia, Sri Lanka Durand et al 1996;Kasornchandra et al 1998;Rajan et al 2000Rajan et al 1997 Vietnam Bondad-Reantaso et al 2001 Peru Rosenberry 2001Rosenberry 1999 Philippines, Ecuador, Colombia, Panamá , Honduras, Nicaragua, Guatemala, Belice Magbanua et al 2000;Bondad-Reantaso et al 2001;Hossain et al 2001;Wu et al 2001Wu et al 1999Wu et al -2000 Mé xico Bondad-Reantaso et al 20012002 France, Iran Dieu et al 2004;Marks 2005Marks 2005 Brazil…”

The role of crustacean fisheries and aquaculture in global food security: Past, present and future

“…Risk analysis is fundamental to assessing emerging threat from new, exotic and expanding species Bondad-Reantaso et al, 2009)). Such biosecure practices should also be applied even to exotic domesticated stocks that are SPF for a list of known pathogens.…”

“…Major issues (past and emerging) include deforestation of mangroves to create land for the building of shrimp ponds, effluent discharge of waste water coming from shrimp farms use of antibiotics, use of fishmeal, general system intensification, food safety, transboundary aquatic animal diseases, certification schemes and trade (Josupeit, 2010;Chamberlain, 2010;Bondad-Reantaso et al, 2005, 2009Bondad-Reantaso and Subasinghe, 2008). Biosecurity remains to be the biggest constraint to efficient production of shrimp under intensive aquaculture systems.…”

Current State of Bacteria Pathogenicity and their Relationship with Host and Environment in Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

“…Thus, aquacultural practices should be carried out correctly to avoid stress and physical injury during handling, which could lead to increased disease susceptibility from internal sources, as well as infectious pathogens entering the skin. Stress can be acute or lethal, chronic or sublethal, or chronic direct or indirect, the variations of which depend on exposure to chemicals, changes in environmental factors, exposure to short and long-term stressors, and eventually damage to metabolic functions and behaviors [104].…”

“…It is necessary to plan and follow management protocols for optimum system design in order to obtain a healthy and sustainable aquacultural operation that involves fish and consumer health [81]. Natural freshwater and marine systems are currently experiencing increased pollution and contamination from anthropogenic activity, indicating environmental stress [104]. In aquaculture, stress can be related to the dominance hierarchy in a population, transportation and vaccination practices [104,105].…”