International trade, the gender wage gap and female labor force participation

Sauré, Philip; Zoabi, Hosny

doi:10.1016/j.jdeveco.2014.07.003

Cited by 98 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Trade increases competition in the market and thus reduces firms' ability to discriminate. However, a number studies identified that growing benefit does not ensure the reduction of gender inequality in the labor market rather growing trade openness raises the inequality between male and female in the labor market, for example (Meyer, 2003;Zhang and Dong, 2007;Oostendorp, 2009;Berik, 2010;Buchmann et al, 2010;Dominguezvillalobos and Browngrossman, 2010;Chen et al, 2013;Saure and Zoabi, 2014;Anyanwu, 2016).…”

Section: Trade Liberalization and Female Participation In The Labor Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trade Liberalization and Gender Inequality in Emerging Economies - from the Perspective of Sustainable Development Goals

Fatema

Islam

2017

Asian Economic and Financial Review

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Article History JEL Classification O50, F16, F60. The study identifies the effect of trade liberalization on gender inequality in labor market, welfare, and empowerment in the emerging economies considering the significance of gender inequality issue in sustainable development goals (SDGs). It uses global gender gap index (GGGI) and its four sub-indexes namely economic participation and opportunity, education, health and politics as indicators of gender inequality in different aspects. Due to the problem of endogeneity and the presence of time-invariant variables Hausman-Taylor estimation technique has been applied to a panel data set of 40 countries for the period of 2006-2014. The results of the study suggest that trade openness significantly reduces gender inequality in labor market in high growth EAGLE and NEST countries but increase the inequality in other emerging economies. The effect of trade openness in reducing gender inequality in welfare and empowerment is positive, but higher trade increases health gap in other emerging economies. The effects of culture and religion on gender inequality are mixed and differ substantially across countries. According to the findings of the study, trade and government expenditure can be used as essential tools to achieve gender equality goal of SDGs if the proper policy is adopted.

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Section: Trade Liberalization and Female Participation In The Labor Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trade Liberalization and Gender Inequality in Emerging Economies - from the Perspective of Sustainable Development Goals

Fatema

Islam

2017

Asian Economic and Financial Review

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“…Some studies, such as Autor, Dorn, and Hanson (2013) and Sauré and Zoabi (2014), have found evidence of workers withdrawing from the labor force in response to a loss of tariff protection. We argue here that under some conditions selection decisions by some women to withdraw from the labor market in response to a trade shock hitting their industry could produce magnified wage responses for married women compared to other workers.…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using U.S. data from 1990-1991and 2006-2007, Sauré and Zoabi (2014 examine the effects of a higher exposure to trade with Mexico on female employment shares and female relative wages across U.S. states, and find that trade expansion had a negative impact on female employment relative to male employment in states with greater exports to Mexico.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

NAFTA and the Gender Wage Gap

Hakobyan¹,

McLaren²

2017

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Using U.S. Census data for 1990-2000, we estimate effects of NAFTA on U.S. wages, focusing on differences by gender. We find that NAFTA tariff reductions are associated with substantially reduced wage growth for married blue-collar women, much larger than the effect for other demographic groups. We investigate several possible explanations for this finding. It is not explained by differential sensitivity of female-dominated occupations to trade shocks, or by household bargaining that makes married female workers less able to change their industry of employment than other workers. We find some support for an explanation based on an equilibrium theory of selective non-participation in the labor market, whereby some of the higher-wage married female workers in their industry drop out of the labor market in response to their industry's loss of tariff. However, this does not fully explain the findings, so we are left with a puzzle. JEL Classification Codes: F16, F13, J31 University of Virginia AbstractUsing U.S. Census data for 1990-2000, we estimate effects of NAFTA on U.S. wages, focusing on differences by gender. We find that NAFTA tariff reductions are associated with substantially reduced wage growth for married blue-collar women, much larger than the effect for other demographic groups. We investigate several possible explanations for this finding. It is not explained by differential sensitivity of female-dominated occupations to trade shocks, or by household bargaining that makes married female workers less able to change their industry of employment than other workers. We find some support for an explanation based on an equilibrium theory of selective nonparticipation in the labor market, whereby some of the higher-wage married female workers in their industry drop out of the labor market in response to their industry's loss of tariff. However, this does not fully explain the findings, so we are left with a puzzle.JEL Classifications: F16, F13, J31.

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“…The second study argues that what matters is the capital-intensity of different sectors [10]. It builds on the idea that capital-abundant countries will have a comparative advantage in capital-intensive sectors.…”

Section: Capital Intensity Within Sectorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trade liberalization and gender inequality

Pieters¹

2014

izawol

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International trade, the gender wage gap and female labor force participation

Cited by 98 publications

References 26 publications

Trade Liberalization and Gender Inequality in Emerging Economies - from the Perspective of Sustainable Development Goals

Trade Liberalization and Gender Inequality in Emerging Economies - from the Perspective of Sustainable Development Goals

NAFTA and the Gender Wage Gap

Trade liberalization and gender inequality

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