International traditional Chinese medicine guideline for diagnostic and treatment principles of diabetes

Lian, Fengmei; Ni, Qing; Yuan-dong, Shen; Yang, Shuyu; Piao, Chunli; Wang, Jia; Wei, Junping; Duan, Junguo; Fang, Zhaohui; Lü, Hao; Yang, Guanhu; Zhao, Linhua; Song, Juexian; Li, Qingwei; Zheng, Yujiao; Lyu, Yi; Tong, Xiaolin

doi:10.21037/apm-19-271

Cited by 33 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Four pathological stages of T2D have been defined by the International TCM guidelines for diagnostic and treatment principles of T2D: the stagnation stage, the heat stage, the deficiency stage and the injuring stage, corresponding to the prediabetic or early stage of diabetes, the stage of diabetic attack, the diabetic deterioration stage (the most common stage), and end stage of diabetes (chronic complications). 55 TCM has shown considerable power in treatment of T2D. For example, Tianqi Capsule (天芪降糖胶囊) reduced T2D incidence by 32.1% in the treatment of prediabetes.…”

Section: Type 2 Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Yin and Yang of traditional Chinese and Western medicine

et al. 2021

Medicinal Research Reviews

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The success of Western Scientific approaches to medicine, over the last 150 years, can be measured by substantial increases in life expectancy, reductions in infant mortality and the virtual elimination of many infectious diseases accompanied by development of effective management practices for noncommunicable diseases. However, major challenges remain in the form of infectious diseases that evolve resistance to pharmaceuticals rapidly, new diseases, particularly those caused by viruses and effective longterm treatments for chronic, noncommunicable diseases. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) can offer complementary treatments based on personalised interventions, informed by knowledge accumulated from empirical observations gathered over centuries of practice, that address the impact of disease on the whole body. We provide examples of both infectious and noncommunicable diseases where the combination of Western Scientific Medicine (WSM) and TCM can benefit patients in terms of the speed and efficacy of recovery or disease management. TCM is a healing skill based on practice, while WSM is scientific, based on experiments. Against this background, an understanding of the mechanisms of action This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

show abstract

Section: Type 2 Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Yin and Yang of traditional Chinese and Western medicine

et al. 2021

Medicinal Research Reviews

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Diabetes was diagnosed as FPG ≥ 7.0 mmol/L and/or use of hypoglycemic drugs within 2 weeks of enrollment. IFG was de ned as 6.1 mmol/L ≤ FPG < 7.0 mmol/L [35].…”

Section: De Nitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction Analysis of Lipid Accumulation Product and Family History of Diabetes on Impaired Fasting Glucose and Diabetes Risk in Population with Normotension in Eastern China: A Community-based Cross-sectional Survey

Zhao

Shen

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Lipid accumulation product (LAP) is considered to be a new convenient useful indicator to assess the visceral fat. However, the association between LAP and family history of diabetes remains an undetermined concept. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the risk factors of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and diabetes, and explore the possible interacting influences of LAP with other factors on the risk of IFG and diabetes among Chinese normotension adults.Methods: A multistage stratified cluster sampling method was conducted to select urban residents aged 45-86 years in Bengbu, China. For each eligible participant, data on questionnaire survey, anthropometric measurements and laboratory tests were obtained. LAP was calculated and divided into four categories according to quartile. The effects of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist to height ratio (WHtR) and LAP for predicting IFG and diabetes were performed by multiple logistic regressions and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses. The interaction effects were evaluated by relative excess risk of interaction (RERI), attributable proportion due to interaction (AP) and synergy index (SI). If the 95% CI of RERI and AP do not include 0, the 95% CI of SI do not include 1, the interactions are statistically significant. Results: 6467 normotension subjects (2695 men and 3772 women) were enrolled in our study, the prevalence of IFG and diabetes were 9.37% and 14.33%, respectively. It was revealed that the prevalence rates of IFG and diabetes were gradually increased according to increasing LAP quartiles (P for trend <0.001). When assessed using ROC curve analysis, LAP exhibited higher diagnostic accuracy for identifying IFG and diabetes than BMI, the area under the AUC curve was 0.650 (95% CI: 0.637 to 0.662). After adjustment for age, sex, educational level and other confounding factors, multivariate logistic regression analyses indicated that subjects with the fourth quartile of LAP were more likely to develop IFG (adjusted OR: 2.735, 95% CI: 1.794-4.170) and diabetes (adjusted OR: 1.815, 95% CI: 1.297-2.541) than those with the first quartile. A significant interaction between LAP and family history of diabetes was observed in participants (RERI=1.538, 95%CI: 0.167 to 3.612; AP=0.375, 95%CI: 0.118 to 0.631; SI=1.980, 95%CI: 1.206 to 3.251), but there is no statistically significant difference between LAP and general obesity. However, a significant interaction between LAP and abdominal obesity was indicated by the value of RERI (1.492, 95%CI: 0.087 to 3.723) and AP (0.413, 95%CI: 0.014 to 0.756), but not the value of SI (1.824, 95%CI: 0.873 to 3.526). Conclusion: LAP significantly associates with IFG and diabetes risk in the study population, it has better performance than BMI, WC and WHtR. Apart from that, our results also demonstrated that there might be synergistic effect between LAP and family history of diabetes on the risk of IFG and diabetes.

show abstract

“…We extracted the information we need from the EMRs, including the patient's unique code, treatment date, syndrome diagnosis, and Chinese herb medicine prescription and dosage. Since we need to include T2D patients in the heat stage, we refer to the definition of T2D heat stage in international traditional Chinese medicine guideline for diagnostic and treatment principles of diabetes [2], an international standard for T2D TCM treatment. When the patient's initial visit symptoms meet the criteria for the heat stage, then the patient is considered to be in the T2D heat stage.…”

Section: Data Source and Data Screening Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In TCM, we concluded that diabetes had four different pathological stages based on clinical symptoms and manifestations, namely, stagnation stage, heat stage, deficiency stage, and injuring stage [1]. e heat stage is equivalent to the heat stage-to-mid period of diabetes and indicates the attack of disease [2]. erefore, the heat stage is an extremely critical stage in the development of T2D.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the TCM Syndromes Evolution and Chinese Herbal Characteristics of Type 2 Diabetes Patients with Different Courses of Disease in TCM “Heat Stage”: A Real-World Study

Xing

Zhang

et al. 2021

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective. The purpose of this study is to analyze and summarize the syndrome distribution, syndrome evolution, and Chinese herb medicine characteristics of T2D in heat stage. Method. In this study, 228 heat-stage T2D patients were divided into three groups based on the course of disease. Group 1 (the course of disease ≤5 years) included 118 patients. Group 2 (5< the course of disease ≤10 years) had 73 patients. Group 3 (the course of disease >10 years) consisted of 37 patients. The main methods used in our study were complex network community partitioning algorithms and Sankey diagram visualization, based on the clinical electronic medical record data we collected. Result. In the three groups, the nodes with the highest node degree are all “heat syndrome.” Edge weight between “heat” and “dampness,” “qi stagnation,” “phlegm,” “liver,” and “stomach” is the largest. During the whole course of treatment, 60.17%, 63.01%, and 62.16% of the patients’ syndromes in groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively, were ascribed to the heat stage all the time. The patients’ syndromes in groups 1 and 2 easily transformed to the syndrome of deficiency of both qi and yin of the spleen and stomach. In group 3, 27% of the patients’ syndromes were easily transformed into kidney yin deficiency and qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome. The largest Chinese herb communities of the patients whose syndromes did not change after treatment in the three groups were all heat-clearing drugs. The proportion of blood-activating drugs in patients with syndrome changes increased significantly after treatment. Conclusion. (1) The basic syndrome of T2D patients in the heat stage is liver-stomach heat syndrome. (2) T2D patients in the heat stage tend to deteriorate towards the direction of qi and yin deficiency syndrome. However, the longer the course of the disease is, the more likely it is to deteriorate to the direction of kidney yin deficiency syndrome and blood stasis syndrome. (3) Drugs that can help T2D patients in the heat stage to maintain their condition stably are heat-clearing drugs represented by Coptis chinensis, which usually need to be combined with warming interior drugs such as Zingiberis Rhizoma and Pinelliae Rhizoma.

show abstract

International traditional Chinese medicine guideline for diagnostic and treatment principles of diabetes

Cited by 33 publications

References 15 publications

The Yin and Yang of traditional Chinese and Western medicine

The Yin and Yang of traditional Chinese and Western medicine

Interaction Analysis of Lipid Accumulation Product and Family History of Diabetes on Impaired Fasting Glucose and Diabetes Risk in Population with Normotension in Eastern China: A Community-based Cross-sectional Survey

Study on the TCM Syndromes Evolution and Chinese Herbal Characteristics of Type 2 Diabetes Patients with Different Courses of Disease in TCM “Heat Stage”: A Real-World Study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About