Internet Equaliser? Gender Stratification and Normative Circumvention in Science

Palackal, Antony; Anderson, Meredith; Miller, B. Paige; Shrum, Wesley

doi:10.1177/097152150701400202

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Female scientists are subject to unique cultural obstacles that limit both their ability to network and their productivity outcomes [XIE & SHAUMAN, 2003;CAMPION & SHRUM, 2004;PALACKAL & AL., 2006]. Moreover, ROGERS [1995] suggests that women tend to be late adopters of innovations, like the Internet, when compared with men.…”

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confidence: 99%

Internet practice and professional networks in Chilean science: Dependency or progress?

et al. 2009

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The conventional view depicts scientific communities in the developing world as globally isolated and dependent. Recent studies suggest that individual scientists tend to favor either local or international ties. Yet there are good reasons to believe that both kinds of ties are beneficial for knowledge production. Since they allow for the more efficient management of social networks, Internet technologies are expected to resolve this inverse relationship. They are also expected to decentralize access to resources within developing regions that have traditionally reflected an urban male bias. Elaborating upon science, development and social network perspectives, we examine the impact of the Internet in the Chilean scientific community, addressing the questions 'to what extent is Internet use and experience associated with the size of foreign and domestic professional networks?' and 'are professional network resources equitably distributed across regional and demographical dimensions?' We offer results from a communication network survey of 337 Chilean researchers working in both academic departments and research institutes. We introduce a new measure, 'collaboration range', to indicate the extent to which scientists engage in work with geographically dispersed contacts. Results suggest that larger foreign networks are associated with higher email use and diversity, but local networks are smaller with longer use of the Internet. Diversity of email use is also associated with diverse geographical networks. Moreover, Internet use may be reducing the significance of international meetings for scientific collaboration and networking. Finally, results also show that in the Internet age professional network resources are distributed symmetrically throughout the Chilean scientific community.

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confidence: 99%

Internet practice and professional networks in Chilean science: Dependency or progress?

et al. 2009

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“…Some authors have found gender differences in distributed work, which generally favors males (Campion & Shrum, 2003;Prpic, 2002), while others found no significant difference (Gupta, Kumarm, & Aggarwal, 1999). Duque et al (2009) found a relatively equitable gender distribution of international collaborative contacts among Chilean scientists, while Palackal, Anderson, Miller, & Shrum (2006) concluded that while access to the Internet may be easing differences, female scientists in Kerala, India, are still rather globally isolated. Finally, a recent cross-regional study of Indian and African scientists based on longitudinal data by Miller, Duque, and Shrum (2010) suggests a gender convergence over time in access to technologies and higher education, yet female scientists still lag behind international publications.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Internet Use Associated With Reporting Fewer Problems in Collaboration?

Duque

Miller

Barriga

et al. 2012

Science Communication

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In the developing world, many advocate the benefits of collaboration as the primary driver of research productivity. One of the crucial conditions that support, and help overcome problems in, distributed work is consistent access and use of Internet technologies. But it is argued that the collaborative benefits of Internet technologies are not symmetrically distributed worldwide, perhaps a result of neo-dependency relationships between the South and the North. To evaluate this, in this article, the authors consider the association between “e-mail use and diversity,” “reported problems in web surfing,” and “problems in research collaboration” for a population of scientists outside the mainstream, in the South American nation of Chile. They surveyed 337 scientists over three regions asking them to report on their collaborative behavior, Internet use, and research challenges. While they find that Chileans on the whole report fewer problems compared with other less developed nations studied in this way, they do report problems when reporting more collaborators and when their professional network is geographically heterogeneous. E-mail use, though, has no association with less frequent reports of research challenges, while reporting that “the Internet has made them more connected” and reporting (more intensely) “problems encountered while surfing the web” are significantly associated with reporting more problems in research, when controlling for background, professional activities, institutional and field context, and the number and location of collaborators.

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“…Figure 2 displays that those replying to the survey are mostly male, with ages between 33 and 45 years. Female researchers face 'patrifocal' constraints in some emerging world cultures that limit their entrée to new technologies and the aptitude to network outside the local arena (Palackal et al 2006). Age is a social aspect that differentiates entrée to social networks that generally favor youth.…”

Section: Data Gatheringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid Science and Digital Transformation: How Knowledge between Researchers Flows in Their Scientific Networks

Belli

Ponsot

2022

Social Sciences

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Purpose: The purpose of this article is to explore how information and communication technologies have affected the way in which research groups are connected in their professional setting. It also analyses the techniques of interaction and cooperation of research groups, the exploration of information and the gateway to information, as well as the main tendencies and variations that researchers have observed during the last years. Design/methodology/approach: A survey was proposed to 305 scholars from different areas observing 159 variable responses. In order to complement and correctly interpret the information gathered within the survey, selected researchers were interviewed, and some of their opinions are reported in this work. Findings: Researchers see how their scientific networks expand thanks to digital tools, establishing professional relationships with other researchers. Moreover, researchers want to increase the amount of their scientific collaboration but they also need analogical meetings with others researchers, where face-to-face relations can accomplish the lack of this in digital communication. Originality: The dominance of tools used in scientific network activity is mixed, composed of analogical and digital ones. Researchers recognize the primary role assumed by digital practices in their work, increasing the quantity and the quality of it thanks to the efficiency and the access to information from different parts of the world. Social implication: Digital transformation has modified the research practices of researchers, from communication among them to the management of data. This new context of professional relations opens innovative implications and approaches for sharing knowledge between researchers and international collaborations.

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Internet Equaliser? Gender Stratification and Normative Circumvention in Science

Cited by 8 publications

References 15 publications

Internet practice and professional networks in Chilean science: Dependency or progress?

Internet practice and professional networks in Chilean science: Dependency or progress?

Is Internet Use Associated With Reporting Fewer Problems in Collaboration?

Liquid Science and Digital Transformation: How Knowledge between Researchers Flows in Their Scientific Networks

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