Internet intermediaries and online gender-based violence

Pavan, Elena

doi:10.4324/9781315441160-5

Cited by 19 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…Apart from criminalizing and/or regulating those making dangerous cancer claims, in recent years, there has been an increasing pressure to make tech companies and service providers (more) accountable for what passes through themafter all, it is because of them if fringe and conspiracy theories, including misleading, fraudulent, and potentially dangerous cancer "treatments" often reach the masses. The plumbing metaphor used by Ohlheiser (2019) ("companies [such as Google and Facebook] have been more focused on building out the plumbing than keeping the pipes clean of misinformation") is quite effective to stress the responsibility and accountability of intermediaries in having a more active role in regulating online content with ad hoc policies speech (Leiter, 2010;Pavan, 2017)-an issue which remain controversial because it impacts the boundaries of freedom of expression and of speech. For the moment being, as misleading or false health information is removed in an inconsistent way (if at all, as it is generally not recognized as harmful content by tech companies' moderators), the problem persists, and bogus medical advices proliferate online.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tweets and Quacks: Network and Content Analyses of Providers of Non-Science-Based Anticancer Treatments and Their Supporters on Twitter

Lavorgna

Carr

2021

Sage Open

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Despite the consensus in the medical discipline that certain treatments lack scientific evidence and are worthless if not potentially dangerous, the promotion and selling of fake cures advertised as safe and effective has long plagued health care systems, praying on vulnerable patients and their loved ones. The web and social media are now playing a fundamental role in the propagation of non-science-based treatments and fraudulent medical claims, and in the rise of false health and lifestyle experts. This study combines criminological and computer science expertise to explore and critically analyze the Twitter presence of providers of non-science-based anticancer treatments and their active supporters in the English-speaking online community to investigate their structural relationships and to analyze the characteristics of the most popular actors. The features of the social network observed indicate that there is not a stable community of promoters and supporters of non-science-based medical treatments in the Twittersphere, suggesting the lack of a defined subculture and the presence of transient collectives rather than identifiable groups. Nonetheless, it is possible to observe dynamic conversational networks clustering around popular actors, tweets, and themes, prompting avenues for further research.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tweets and Quacks: Network and Content Analyses of Providers of Non-Science-Based Anticancer Treatments and Their Supporters on Twitter

Lavorgna

Carr

2021

Sage Open

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“…Although the nonlegal responsibilities of Internet intermediaries may be ambiguous, “[c]ivil society initiatives have been crucial in unveiling intermediaries from their overall impunity and exposing their practices in relation to digital harms to public scrutiny” (Pavan, , p. 72). Take Back the Tech!…”

Section: The Responsibilities Of Telecommunications Companies and Digmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Apart from identifying their impacts, the Guiding Principles require platforms to work to mitigate harms that they are involved with. While most digital media platforms have made public commitments to reducing hate speech and harassment on their platforms in recent years, deeply entrenched structural features of existing social media platforms often exacerbate the effects of online harassment and abuse (Pavan, ). For example, Reddit's design and policies around offensive content provided fertile ground for misogynistic activism during the #gamergate controversy (Massanari, ).…”

Section: The Responsibilities Of Telecommunications Companies and Digmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Generally, and particularly in the United States where many major Internet companies are based, Internet intermediaries are not legally responsible when their networks are used in abusive ways. In the absence of compelling legal obligations, “the roles and responsibilities of intermediaries in relation to online gender‐based violence remain unclear” (Pavan, , p. 63). In this article, we use the United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (UNGPs) as a guide to sketch out initial recommendations for platforms to fulfill their responsibilities to promote human rights.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Human Rights by Design: The Responsibilities of Social Media Platforms to Address Gender‐Based Violence Online

Suzor¹,

Dragiewicz²,

Harris³

et al. 2018

Policy & Internet

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Gender‐based violence online is rampant, ranging from harassment of women who are public figures on social media to stalking intimate partners using purpose‐built apps. This is not an issue that can be addressed by individual states alone, nor can it be addressed satisfactorily through legal means. The normalization of misogyny and abuse online both reflects and reinforces systemic inequalities. Addressing gender‐based violence online will require the intervention of the technology companies that govern the commercial Internet to prevent and combat abuse across networks and services. We argue that international human rights instruments provide an opportunity to identify with more precision the responsibilities of telecommunications companies and digital media platforms to mitigate harm perpetrated through their networks, and ensure that the systems they create do not reproduce gendered inequality. Finally, we present initial recommendations for platforms to promote human rights and fulfill their responsibilities under the United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights.

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“…Thus, movements can produce alternative knowledge by performing autonomous research activities upon which they may even formulate policy proposals or recommendations. One example in this respect is provided by the ICT for gender movement (ICT4G), the transnational set of civil society and grassroots initiatives that emerged around the end of the 1990s and still operates to unveil the manifold ways in which ICTs cross, strengthen, and transform the challenges to gender equalitysuch as gender stereotyping, poverty, discrimination and, most prominently, gender-based violence (Pavan, 2017). By engaging in systematic research activities, the movement has succeeded not only in providing systematic evidence on the gravity and the complexity of the phenomenon, but also in formulating recommendations that have been welcomed and endorsed by political institutions acting in the gender policy domain (Pavan, 2017).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Repertoires of knowledge practices: social movements in times of crisis

Porta

Pavan

2017

QROM

Self Cite

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Purpose Starting from the assumption that knowledge becomes all the more important for movements in times of crisis, as old structures are challenged and new ones envisaged and proved feasible, the purpose of this paper is to suggest ways to expand the toolkit of social movement studies in order to empirically address knowledge practices as a meaningful part of contemporary progressive activism. Design/methodology/approach The authors start by arguing that, in their effort to pursue or resist social and political changes, contemporary progressive social movements form collective spaces of knowledge production that are true laboratories for innovation. For this reason, the authors begin by making a case for accounting more explicitly for knowledge production within social movement studies - not as a substitution for but, rather, as a necessary complement to current cultural approaches. Building on extant literature on the nexus between movements and knowledge, the authors then outline the peculiarities of movement knowledge. Findings On these bases, the authors outline the core components of what the authors call repertoires of knowledge practices - that is, the set of practices that foster the coordination of disconnected, local, and highly personal experiences and rationalities within a shared cognitive system able to provide movements and their supporters with a common orientation for making claims and acting collectively to produce social, political, and cultural changes. Originality/value The authors conclude by identifying some promising avenues of research to further develop the understanding of movement practices of knowledge production and transmission.

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Internet intermediaries and online gender-based violence

Cited by 19 publications

References 0 publications

Tweets and Quacks: Network and Content Analyses of Providers of Non-Science-Based Anticancer Treatments and Their Supporters on Twitter

Tweets and Quacks: Network and Content Analyses of Providers of Non-Science-Based Anticancer Treatments and Their Supporters on Twitter

Human Rights by Design: The Responsibilities of Social Media Platforms to Address Gender‐Based Violence Online

Repertoires of knowledge practices: social movements in times of crisis

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