Internet of Things-Based ECG and Vitals Healthcare Monitoring System

Abstract

Health monitoring and its associated technologies have gained enormous importance over the past few years. The electrocardiogram (ECG) has long been a popular tool for assessing and diagnosing cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Since the literature on ECG monitoring devices is growing at an exponential rate, it is becoming difficult for researchers and healthcare professionals to select, compare, and assess the systems that meet their demands while also meeting the monitoring standards. This emphasizes the necessity for a reliable reference to guide the design, categorization, and analysis of ECG monitoring systems, which will benefit both academics and practitioners. We present a complete ECG monitoring system in this work, describing the design stages and implementation of an end-to-end solution for capturing and displaying the patient’s heart signals, heart rate, blood oxygen levels, and body temperature. The data will be presented on an OLED display, a developed Android application as well as in MATLAB via serial communication. The Internet of Things (IoT) approaches have a clear advantage in tackling the problem of heart disease patient care as they can transform the service mode into a widespread one and alert the healthcare services based on the patient’s physical condition. Keeping this in mind, there is also the addition of a web server for monitoring the patient’s status via WiFi. The prototype, which is compliant with the electrical safety regulations and medical equipment design, was further benchmarked against a commercially available off-the-shelf device, and showed an excellent accuracy of 99.56%.

Bluetooth-Based Healthcare Information and Medical Resource Management System

“…Adbulmalek et al [ 29 ] provided a systematic literature review on recent studies of IoT-based healthcare-monitoring systems, compared various systems’ effectiveness, efficiency, data protection, privacy, security, and monitoring, and discussed the challenges and open issues regarding security and privacy and Quality of Service (QoS). Heaney et al [ 30 ] presented a custom-built, end-to-end ECG (Electrocardiography) capturing prototype system. This system utilizes an AD8232 microchip (Analog Devices, Wilmington, MA, USA) as the analog front-end, which is then fed into an Arduino (MKR1010, Arduino, Italy), which offers both Bluetooth and WiFi connectivity to a smartphone or another external device for the remote monitoring of the patients.…”

Design of a Digital Electrocardiograph with Arduino in Telemetry for the Elderly

“…En una lectura de electrocardiograma se tiene 5 ondas que son: onda Q, R, S, P y T. [6] En donde, las tres primeras forman el complejo QRS. Segundo, los segmentos son líneas isoeléctricas que se representan horizontalmente como el segmento PR y ST. Finalmente, los intervalos representan la unión de una onda y segmento que son el intervalo PR, QT y ST [7]. El sensor AD8232 es un integrado con amplificadores de señal y filtros de ruido para señales ECG que permite la medición del pulso cardiaco y obtención de las ondas P, Q, R, S y T [8].…”

A cost-effective ECG monitoring in rural areas: leveraging artificial neural networks for efficient healthcare solutions

“…The impact of CVDs is particularly severe on the heart and blood vessels, with coronary artery disease being a major contributor to the high mortality rate associated with CVDs [2]. It is estimated that CVDs account for approximately 36% of deaths in the European Union [3].…”