Internet of Things Data Collection Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles in Infrastructure Free Environments

Liang, Hengshuo; Gao, Weichao; Nguyen, James; Orpilla, M.; Yu, Wei

doi:10.1109/access.2019.2962323

Cited by 33 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…where M is the number of cubes, S is the area of all the boundary surfaces of licensed networks and L is the length of the 3D space's edge. If the interval d > 1, d ∈ N , the number of measurements using the designed 3D SOM algorithm is smaller than that using regular measurement algorithm, which is the strategy that UAV follows a zig-zag pattern across every cube of a 3D space denoted as the Snake Traversal [26].…”

Section: B Analysis Of 3d Som Algorithmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-Dimensional Spectrum Occupancy Measurement using UAV: Performance Analysis and Algorithm Design

Wei¹,

Yao²,

Kang³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Spectrum sharing, as an approach to significantly improve spectrum efficiency in the era of 6th generation mobile networks (6G), has attracted extensive attention. Radio Environment Map (REM) based low-complexity spectrum sharing is widely studied where the spectrum occupancy measurement (SOM) is vital to construct REM. The SOM in three-dimensional (3D) space is becoming increasingly essential to support the spectrum sharing with space-air-ground integrated network being a great momentum of 6G. In this paper, we analyze the performance of 3D SOM to further study the tradeoff between accuracy and efficiency in 3D SOM. We discover that the error of 3D SOM is related with the area of the boundary surfaces of licensed networks, the number of discretized cubes, and the length of the edge of 3D space. Moreover, we design a fast and accurate 3D SOM algorithm that utilizes unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) to measure the spectrum occupancy considering the path planning of UAV, which improves the measurement efficiency by requiring less measurement time and flight time of the UAV for satisfactory performance. The theoretical results obtained in this paper reveal the essential dependencies that describe the 3D SOM methodology, and the proposed algorithm is beneficial to improve the efficiency of 3D SOM. It is noted that the theoretical results and algorithm in this paper may provide a guideline for more areas such as spectrum monitoring, spectrum measurement, network measurement, planning, etc.

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Section: B Analysis Of 3d Som Algorithmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-Dimensional Spectrum Occupancy Measurement using UAV: Performance Analysis and Algorithm Design

Wei¹,

Yao²,

Kang³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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show abstract

“…In Liang et al [ 16 ], a data collection scheme using a protocol based on DTN (delay tolerant network) is proposed. To determine the path, an algorithm using a Hilbert curve is proposed.…”

Section: Work Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Data Collection in an IoT Off-Grid Environment Systematic Mapping of Literature

Goulart

Pinto

Boava

et al. 2022

Sensors

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The goal of this work is to present a systematic literature mapping (SLM) identifying algorithms for the search for data, determining the best path and types of communication between the local server and the drone, as well as possible simulators to validate proposed solutions. The concept, here considered as IoT Off-Grid, is characterized by being an environment without commercial electrical infrastructure and without communication connected to the internet. IoT equipment generates data to be stored on a local server. It collects these data through a drone that searches each local server for later integration with the commercial internet environment. As a result, we have algorithms to determine the best path based on the TSP—travelling salesman problem. Different types of communication between the drone and the server contain the data, predominantly WiFi 802.11. As a simulator, OMNeT++ stands out.

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“…A quadtree segmentation method could build a neuron map to split the map into different levels of subblocks before the Hilbert curve traversal algorithm traversed each mode to obtain the path. Liang et al [319] applied the path generator strategy with the Hilbert curve techniques for data collection to maximize area coverage. A supervisory control-based algorithm has also been implemented in a multirobot system to enhance exploration efficiency [320].…”

Section: J Other Classical and Heuristic Algorithmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Review of Coverage Path Planning in Robotics Using Classical and Heuristic Algorithms

Mohd‐Mokhtar²,

2021

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The small battery capacities of the mobile robot and the un-optimized planning efficiency of the industrial robot bottlenecked the time efficiency and productivity rate of coverage tasks in terms of speed and accuracy, putting a great constraint on the usability of the robot applications in various planning strategies in specific environmental conditions. Thus, it became highly desirable to address the optimization problems related to exploration and coverage path planning (CPP). In general, the goal of the CPP is to find an optimal coverage path with generates a collision-free trajectory by reducing the travel time, processing speed, cost energy, and the number of turns along the path length, as well as low overlapped rate, which reflect the robustness of CPP. This paper reviews the principle of CPP and discusses the development trend, including design variations and the characteristic of optimization algorithms, such as classical, heuristic, and most recent deep learning methods. Then, we compare the advantages and disadvantages of the existing CPP-based modeling in the area and target coverage. Finally, we conclude numerous open research problems of the CPP and make suggestions for future research directions to gain insights. INDEX TERMSCoverage path planning, exploration, heuristic algorithm, deep reinforcement learning.

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Internet of Things Data Collection Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles in Infrastructure Free Environments

Cited by 33 publications

References 53 publications

Three-Dimensional Spectrum Occupancy Measurement using UAV: Performance Analysis and Algorithm Design

Three-Dimensional Spectrum Occupancy Measurement using UAV: Performance Analysis and Algorithm Design

Data Collection in an IoT Off-Grid Environment Systematic Mapping of Literature

A Comprehensive Review of Coverage Path Planning in Robotics Using Classical and Heuristic Algorithms

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