“…Older adults considered disadvantaged due to low income and/or lack of education generally maintain poorer health, though longer life expectancies lessen this effect with increased age (CIHI, 2011). Recent literature surrounding health has applied the "social determinants of health" framework to understand the complex impacts of intersectional, socioeconomic pressures (e.g., class, education, gender, and race) on older adult health and wellbeing (Bryant et al, 2004;Cairney, 2000;Koehn et al, 2013;McDonald, 2012;Raphael, 2006). The experiences of older adult Canadians are certainly not homogeneous in this context-in particular, older adults who are immigrants, Indigenous, women, rural or remote residents, and unattached (i.e., living alone) face additional challenges when navigating the health care system and its related environments (Guruge et al, 2008;McDonald, 2012).…”