Interpersonal Effects in Computer-Mediated Interaction

Walther, Joseph B.; Anderson, Jeffrey F.; Park, David W.

doi:10.1177/009365094021004002

Cited by 735 publications

(510 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Synchronous communication offers the opportunity to meet new people and interact in ways more similar to face-to-face communication than in asynchronous modes (Walther, 1994). Synchronous Internet applications can be especially important outlets for lonely people.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies in computer-mediated communication (CMC) have examined the vari-ous capabilities and characteristics of different computer communication applications in terms of modality (see Rice, 1984;Walther, 1994Walther, , 1996. Synchronous applications such as chat rooms and Multiple User Dungeons (MUDs) permit users to communicate simultaneously, in "real time," as with telephone conversation, whereas asynchronous applications such as email and Usenet newsgroups are modes in which people communicate in turn, one at a time, as with an exchange of written letters.…”

Section: Synchronous and Asynchronous Communication Internet Applicatmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Internet Use and Collegiate Academic Performance Decrements: Early Findings

Kubey¹,

Lavin²,

Barrows³

2001

Journal of Communication

388

138

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Recent research at colleges and universities has suggested that some college students' academic performance might be impaired by heavier use of the Internet. This study reviews the relevant literature and presents data from a survey of 572 students at a large public university. Heavier recreational Internet use was shown to be correlated highly with impaired academic performance. Loneliness, staying up late, tiredness, and missing class were also intercorrelated with self-reports of Internet-caused impairment. Self-reported Internet dependency and impaired academic performance were both associated with greater use of all Internet applications, but particularly with much greater use of synchronous communication applications such as chat rooms and MUDs, as opposed to asynchronous applications such as email and Usenet newsgroups.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Synchronous and Asynchronous Communication Internet Applicatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Internet Use and Collegiate Academic Performance Decrements: Early Findings

Kubey¹,

Lavin²,

Barrows³

2001

Journal of Communication

388

138

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Similarly, because text-based CMC interactions tend to be less instantaneous than FtF interactions (i.e., replies to messages tend to be delayed in text-based CMC relative to FtF), speakers in text-based CMC settings should have additional time to develop deceptive messages (Carlson et al 2004). Indeed, previous research suggests that text-based CMC interactions tend to last four to five times longer than similar FtF interactions (Hancock and Dunham 2001a;Walther et al 1994). Because the construction of deceptive messages tends to take more cognitive effort than truthful messages (Zuckerman et al 1981), the increased time available in text-based CMC settings should be particularly advantageous to the motivated liar engaged in strategic communication processes (Burgoon and Floyd 2000).…”

Section: Communication Medium and Deception Detectionmentioning

confidence: 98%

See No Evil: The Effect of Communication Medium and Motivation on Deception Detection

2009

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The present study reports an experiment that examines the role of communication medium and liar motivation on deception detection. Participants were randomly assigned to one of two dyadic communication conditions, text-based, computer-mediated environment or face-to-face, and to one of two motivation conditions, high or low. Participants engaged in a discussion of four topics, in which one participant was deceptive during two topics and truthful during the other two. No main effect of communication medium or motivation level was observed. However, an interaction effect suggests that highly motivated liars interacting in a text-based, computermediated environment were the most successful in deceiving their partners. The implications of these results are discussed both in terms of the elimination of nonverbal cues, as well as the potential advantages to the motivated liar offered by textbased media.

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“…In addition, we focused on the role of anonymity as an affordance of CMC that is the lack of individuating cues (Walther et al, 1994), and researchers should further explore communicative dynamics of intergroup contact (Harwood, 2010). Analysis of language style characteristics thus provides an interesting perspective.…”

Section: Limitations and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

When is computer-mediated intergroup contact most promising? Examining the effect of out-group members' anonymity on prejudice

Schumann

Klein

Douglas

et al. 2017

Computers in Human Behavior

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Computer-mediated intergroup contact (CMIC) is a valuable strategy to reduce negative sentiments towards members of different social groups. We examined whether characteristics of communication media that facilitate intergroup encounters shape its effect on out-group attitudes. Specifically, we propose that concealing individuating cues about out-group members during CMIC increases prejudice, as interaction partners are perceived as less socially present. To assess these hypotheses, we conducted two mixed-factorial experiments.Participants engaged in synchronous text-chat with out-group members (Study 1) and a confederate (Study 2) who either shared or concealed their name and photo. Overall, CMIC reduced negative out-group sentiments. Study 2 showed, however, that out-group members' anonymity decreased perceived social presence, which was associated with less positive evaluations of the CMIC and higher prejudice. In conclusion, CMIC can contribute to conflict resolution interventions, preparing individuals for direct intergroup contact, if its affordances or conversation topics enhance interaction partners' social presence.Keywords: intergroup contact, prejudice, anonymity, social presence, computer- (Postmes, Spears, & Lea, 1998, 2002. At the Center for Multiculturalism and Technology in Israel, for instance, computer-mediated communication (CMC) services facilitated exchanges between secular Jewish, Orthodox Jewish, and Arab-Islamic teachers (Hoter, Shonfeld, & Ganayim, 2009). After initial text-chats teachers used audio and then video conferencing to engage with out-group members. Following the online intergroup interactions, teachers expressed less prejudice towards the most unfavorable out-group.Negative attitudes of religious Jews towards Muslims were reduced, as were Muslims' negative attitudes towards religious and secular Jews (Walther, Hoter, Ganayem, & Shonfeld, 2015).Intergroup contact certainly is a powerful strategy to overcome conflict and engender harmonious relations between social groups (Allport, 1954;Pettigrew & Tropp, 2006). In addition to a substantial literature attesting to the impact of direct, face-to-face intergroup encounters, empirical evidence (Alvídrez, Piñeiro-Naval, Marcos-Ramos, & Rojas-Solís, 2015;Schwab & Greitemeyer, 2015;Tynes, Giang, & Thompson, 2008;Walther et al., 2015;White, & Abu-Rayya, 2012;White, Abu-Rayya, & Weitzel, 2014;White, Abu-Rayya, Bliuc, & Faulkner, 2015) as well as evaluations of internet-based conflict reconciliation programs (Abbott, Austin, Mulkeen, & Metcalfe, 2004;Hoter et al., 2009;Stock et al., 2009) suggest that computer-mediated intergroup contact (CMIC) can as well promote positive out-group attitudes. Running head: ANONYMITY IN COMPUTER-MEDIATED INTERGROUP CONTACT 3The present research extends this work and highlights conditions that moderate the effect of CMIC on prejudice. Specifically, we sought to assess whether characteristics of communication media, such as social media platforms, chat tools, or email services, that enable compute...

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Interpersonal Effects in Computer-Mediated Interaction

Cited by 735 publications

References 40 publications

Internet Use and Collegiate Academic Performance Decrements: Early Findings

Internet Use and Collegiate Academic Performance Decrements: Early Findings

See No Evil: The Effect of Communication Medium and Motivation on Deception Detection

When is computer-mediated intergroup contact most promising? Examining the effect of out-group members' anonymity on prejudice

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