Interpersonal mediators linking acculturation stressors to subsequent internalizing symptoms and self‐esteem in latino adolescents

Smokowski, Paul R.; Bacallao, Martica; Buchanan, Rachel L.

doi:10.1002/jcop.20346

Cited by 38 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The limited research on gender and familial cultural values has found that females tend to report fewer freedoms and more obligations (Comas-Diaz 1987;Raffaelli and Ontai 2004). While familial cultural values have been associated with resilient outcomes in Latino adolescents (e.g., higher grades, fewer depressive symptoms, and greater school belonging) (Ayón et al 2010;Esparza and Sánchez 2008;Gamble and Modry-Mandell 2008;Germán et al 2009;Smokowski et al 2009;Stein et al 2013), none of these past studies specifically tested whether gender moderated their results, and it is still unclear whether familial cultural values differentially predict psychosocial outcomes relative to gender. Therefore, the goal of the present study is to bridge the gap between these two bodies of research by exploring how the relationship between familial cultural values and psychological and school outcomes operates in female versus male Latino adolescents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Familial Cultural Values, Depressive Symptoms, School Belonging and Grades in Latino Adolescents: Does Gender Matter?

2014

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Past studies document that Latino familial cultural values (i.e. familism, affiliative obedience and filial obligation) protect against depressive symptoms and promote academic resilience in adolescence. However, some studies suggest that familial cultural values differ across gender, with females reporting greater obligations and fewer freedoms compared to their male counterparts. We examined the relationship between familial cultural values, gender, depressive symptoms and school outcomes in a sample of 179 Latino adolescents (52.9 % female; mean age = 14). Females reported greater levels of familism and greater filial obligations. We also found greater familism to be associated with fewer depressive symptoms and greater sense of school belonging for both genders. Similarly, moderate levels of filial obligations were associated with better grades across genders. In contrast, filial obligation and affiliative obedience were associated with fewer depressive symptoms only for females. While these values serve an equally protective function in the academic adjustment of both females and males, familial cultural values may be uniquely protective for females against depressive symptoms. Effective interventions for Latino youth should capitalize on the protective and resilient effects of familial cultural values and be cognizant of the role gender plays in the relationship between these values and outcomes.Article:

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Familial Cultural Values, Depressive Symptoms, School Belonging and Grades in Latino Adolescents: Does Gender Matter?

2014

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“…Attitudinal familism measures an individual's thoughts and feelings on the three different aspects of familism: (a) supportive familism signifies the level to which the individual feels supported by his or her family and the degree of closeness in their family; (b) obligatory familism is the extent to which an individual believes the family has a responsibility to provide support (economic, social, or emotional) to other family members; and (c) referent familism is the extent to which one maintains behaviors that are consistent with the family values and expectations (Sabogal et al, 1987; Marsiglia et al, 2009). It is frequently specified that involvement in Latino culture is critical for high familism attitudes and that greater acculturation to American culture and more time spent in the United States is linked to lower levels of familism (Smokowski et al, 2009). Studies included in this meta-analysis measured attitudinal familism, through a series of questions or familistic statements based on a Likert scale.…”

Section: Familismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both evidences for and against the Hispanic Paradox have placed a demand for research, to understand the factors associated with the health outcomes of Latinos. Hispanic cultural values have become an area of interest due to the suggested protective factor that they may serve (Smokowski et al, 2009; Calzada et al, 2012). One of the most studied Hispanic core cultural values is familismo or familism in which a higher emphasis is placed on the family unit in terms of respect, support, obligation, and reference (Calzada et al, 2012).…”

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confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of the Relationship between Familism and Mental Health Outcomes in Latino Population

et al. 2016

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Background: Familismo or familism is a cultural value frequently seen in Hispanic cultures, in which a higher emphasis is placed on the family unit in terms of respect, support, obligation, and reference. Familism has been implicated as a protective factor against mental health problems and may foster the growth and development of children. This study aims at measuring the size of the relationship between familism and mental health outcomes of depression, suicide, substance abuse, internalizing, and externalizing behaviors.Methods: Thirty-nine studies were systematically reviewed to assess the relationship between familism and mental health outcomes. Data from the studies were comprised and organized into five categories: depression, suicide, internalizing symptoms, externalizing symptoms, and substance use. The Cohen's d of each value (dependent variable in comparison to familism) was calculated. Results were weighted based on sample sizes (n) and total effect sizes were then calculated. It was hypothesized that there would be a large effect size in the relationship between familism and depression, suicide, internalizing, and externalizing symptoms and substance use in Hispanics.Results: The meta-analysis showed small effect sizes in the relationship between familism and depression, suicide and internalizing behaviors. And no significant effects for substance abuse and externalizing behaviors.Discussion: The small effects found in this study may be explained by the presence of moderator variables between familism and mental health outcomes (e.g., communication within the family). In addition, variability in the Latino samples and in the measurements used might explain the small and non-significant effects found.

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“…Greater heritage culture orientation may facilitate closer and more positive family relationships, thus leading to better mental health (Jasinskija-Lahti & Liebkind, 2001;Oppedal et al, 2004;Sam & Oppedal, 2002;Smokowski, Bacallao, & Buchanan, 2009). Thus, orientations to majority and heritage cultures have been linked to various aspects of positive youth development in both school and family contexts.…”

Section: Associations With Positive Youth Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Person‐centered trajectories of cultural values and behaviors among Chinese American adolescents

Syed

Juang

2017

Journal of Adolescence

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This study examined change in acculturation values and behavior among 310 Chinese American adolescents, and how patterns of change were related to key demographic variables and indicators of positive youth development. Dual process group-based trajectory models of change in U.S. and Chinese values and behaviors indicated a six-group solution for each. The results showed that acculturation value patterns were not related to gender, nativity, or parent education, but were related to family cohesion, self-esteem, general and academic self-efficacy, and GPA.Acculturation behavior patterns were not related to gender but were related to nativity and parent education, and were also related to general self-efficacy and family cohesion. Taken together, our findings suggest that most trajectories of development are associated with positive outcomes, but there are small groups of adolescents that function very well (those who maintain higher behavioral involvement in both) and some not very well, especially those whose behaviors are becoming more disparate over time.Keywords: acculturation trajectories, Chinese American, positive youth development Acculturation Trajectories 3 Acculturation research has had difficulty integrating person-centered approaches that examine configuration of processes, with longitudinal models that reveal how those processes change over time. Accordingly, much of the theoretical foundations of acculturation research have not been adequately tested. The three aims of the study address these limitations in the literature by examining acculturation trajectories among Chinese American adolescents. First, using group based trajectory modeling, we examine adolescent Chinese and U.S. acculturation trajectories in the domains of values and behaviors over time. Second, we examine the effects of three predictors of change in acculturation, namely, gender, nativity, and parent education. Third, we test whether these trajectories are related to aspects of the self (self-esteem, general selfefficacy), academics (academic self-efficacy, GPA), and family (family cohesion). These areas represent key aspects of positive youth development, namely, confidence, competence, and connection (Lerner, 2004). Assessing Acculturation StrategiesOn an individual level, acculturation refers to the process of individual change in values, behaviors, and identities as a result of continuous contact with a new, distinct culture (Ward & Geeaert, 2016). The bidimensional view of acculturation posits that individuals can potentially orient towards the majority culture while maintaining a strong connection to their heritage culture, and that orientation towards the majority and heritage cultures are orthogonal dimensions on which individuals vary (Berry, 2003;Schwartz et al., 2010). The nature of the variability along the two dimensions is informative of the particular acculturation strategies that individuals adopt. Much of the past literature has taken a dichotomous view of the two dimensions to create four distinct strat...

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Interpersonal mediators linking acculturation stressors to subsequent internalizing symptoms and self‐esteem in latino adolescents

Cited by 38 publications

References 53 publications

Familial Cultural Values, Depressive Symptoms, School Belonging and Grades in Latino Adolescents: Does Gender Matter?

Familial Cultural Values, Depressive Symptoms, School Belonging and Grades in Latino Adolescents: Does Gender Matter?

A Systematic Review of the Relationship between Familism and Mental Health Outcomes in Latino Population

Person‐centered trajectories of cultural values and behaviors among Chinese American adolescents

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