Interpersonal-Psychological Precursors to Suicidal Behavior: A Theory of Attempted and Completed Suicide

Frequency and functions of non-suicidal self-injury: Associations with suicidal thoughts and behaviors

“…Consequently, self-injury functions as well as frequency should be explored on a regular basis with clients who self-injure, even when the client indicates that the ultimate goal of the self-harm is not to end their life. Since NSSI can become an effective (maladaptive) way to cope with distress, clients who present to therapy may be unaware of how their self-injury may decrease pain sensitization and thus could be at high risk for moving unwittingly towards STBs (Van Orden et al, 2005;Whitlock et al, 2013). Clients who struggle with substance use disorders can often lack internal awareness around the functions of their substance use and go to greater lengths to get the same effects (Seevers, 1962), and clinicians should be aware of this likelihood with those who self-injure as well.…”

Risk and Protective Factors Associated With Asian American Students' Suicidal Ideation: A Multicampus, National Study

“…Van Orden, Merill, & Joiner (2005) reviewed several studies demonstrating that indicators of unmet interpersonal needs were related to suicide outcomes; for instance, living alone and being married have been shown to be suicide risk and protective factors respectively. Wong and Poon (2010) posited that theory is particularly applicable to Asian Americans because its focus on thwarted interpersonal needs dovetails with several scholars' observation that suicide is viewed as a response to interpersonal stressors in Asian cultures (Range et al, 1999).…”

Reliability and validity study of the Turkish Version of the Psychache Scale

“…Üç basamaklı intihar kuramında ise intiharın psikolojik acı, umutsuzluk, bağlılık (yaşamındaki diğer insanlara, işine, ilgi duyduğu şeylere) ve intihar edebilme kapasitesiyle güçlü şekilde ilişkili olduğu belirtilmiştir. 9 İntihar notlarında sıklıkla görülen 'Acıma artık katlanamıyorum' anlatımındaki acı, fiziksel acı-dan çok psikolojik acıya/ağrıya işaret eder. 10 Shneidman, birçok intihar notunu gözden geçir-dikten sonra psikolojik acı olmadan intihar niyeti ve davranışının olmayacağını belirtmiş; psikolojik acıyı korku, çaresizlik, keder, utanç, suçluluk, yalnızlık, aşk acısı gibi olumsuz içsel deneyimlere eşdeğer, dayanılmaz eziyet olarak tanımla-mıştır.…”