Interphase Chromosomes of Friend-S Cells Are Attached to the Matrix Structures Through the Centromeric/Telomeric Regions

Abstract

DNA of the attachment sites of Friend erythroleukemia cells, isolated according to the conventional procedure, represents short, nuclease-resistant fragments with sizes below 400 bp, belonging to the class of mouse satellite. A number of experiments have indicated that their unusual resistance is due to complexing with RNA. By various approaches, it was confirmed that similar fragments might be recovered from total DNA following extensive digestion with DNase I. In situ hybridizations revealed further that at mitosis the sequences of the attachment sites are located at the centromeric/telomeric regions of the chromosomes, while at interphase they are redistributed into 9-13 well-defined clusters spread throughout the entire nuclear area. Parallel biochemical and electronmicroscopic studies have clarified, moreover, that the all three compartments of the matrix harbor such sequences. Thus, it appears that the attachment sites described function only at interphase, anchoring the both ends of each interphase chromosome to the matrix structures.

Recruitment of Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein A1in Vivo to the LMP/TAP Region of the Major Histocompatibility Complex

“…Release of DNA from the nuclear matrix is also dependent on the use of RNase treatment (34). This is likely to be due to the tight attachment of MARs to small RNA species in the nuclear matrix as well as to proteins (35).…”

The genome and the nucleus: a marriage made by evolution

“…Many different regions of the genome have been identified as having interactions with the nuclear matrix, i.e., matrix attachment regions (MARs) (Dijkwel andHamlin 1988), telomeres (de Lange 1992;de Lara et al 1993;Markova et al 1994;Luderus et al 1996;Okabe et al 2004), and centromeres/kinetochores (Chaly et al 1985;Markova et al 1994;Liao et al 1995). One of the most interesting differential interactions of genome with the nuclear matrix was observed by Bickmore and colleagues who prepared nuclear matrices from human lymphoblasts and fibroblasts without the DNA digestion (DNA halos) and found that gene-rich HSA19 remained associated tightly with the nuclear matrix, whereas gene-poor HSA18 was distributed outwith the residual nucleus in the DNA halo (Croft et al 1999).…”

New types of mouse centromeric satellite DNAs

“…The CEN and periCEN DNA may represent DNA-matrix binding elements (MAR: Matrix Attachment Regions) that are stronger and on a larger scale than ordinary MARs (Markova et al 1994, Hibino et al 1998). The computer programs MAR-Wizard and MAR finder were applied to the mouse satDNA fragments ( Figure 5a).…”