Interplay between Autocatalysis and Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation Produces Hierarchical Microcompartments

Hanopolskyi, Anton I.; Paikar, Arpita; Nutkovich, Boaz; Pinkas, Iddo; Smith, Barbara S.; Orekhov, Nikita; Skorb, Ekaterina V.; Semenov, S.

doi:10.2139/ssrn.4352015

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…In this work, the autocatalytic formation of tetraguanidine species having an overall charge of + 4 induced complex coacervation with polyacrylic (PAA) or polyuridylic (PolyU) acids and resulted in phase separation. [61] Outside the thiol-based small molecules, other small molecules are also now being used to design fascinating reaction network systems. Harmsel et al recently showed an oscillating system that involved autocatalytic deprotection of 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl (Fmoc) group associated with the event of the acetylation of amines.…”

Section: Small-molecular Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial Homeostasis Systems Based on Feedback Reaction Networks: Design Principles and Future Promises

Ranganath,

Maity

2024

Angewandte Chemie

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Feedback‐controlled chemical reaction networks (FCRNs) are indispensable for various biological processes, such as cellular mechanisms, patterns, and signaling pathways. Through the intricate interplay of many feedback loops (FLs), FCRNs maintain a stable internal cellular environment. Currently, creating minimalistic synthetic cells is the long‐term objective of systems chemistry, which is motivated by such natural integrity. The design, kinetic optimization, and analysis of FCRNs to exhibit functions akin to those of a cell still pose significant challenges. Indeed, reaching synthetic homeostasis is essential for engineering synthetic cell components. However, maintaining homeostasis in artificial systems against various agitations is a difficult task. Several biological events can provide us with guidelines for a conceptual understanding of homeostasis, which can be further applicable in designing artificial synthetic systems. In this regard, we organize our review with artificial homeostasis systems driven by FCRNs at different length scales, including homogenous, compartmentalized, and soft material systems. First, we stretch a quick overview of FCRNs in different molecular and supramolecular systems, which are the essential toolbox for engineering different nonlinear functions and homeostatic systems. Moreover, the existing history of synthetic homeostasis in chemical and material systems and their advanced functions with self‐correcting, and regulating properties are also emphasized.

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Section: Small-molecular Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%