Interplay between fatty acid desaturase2 (FADS2) rs174583 genetic variant and dietary antioxidant capacity: cardio-metabolic risk factors in obese individuals

Khodarahmi, Mahdieh; Javidzade, Parisa; Farhangi, Mahdieh Abbasalizad; Hashemzehi, Ahmad; Kahroba, Houman

doi:10.1186/s12902-022-01075-7

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…For instance, Khodarahmi et al reported significant differences in the atherogenic index of plasma and triglyceride levels. The carriers of the T allele had higher triglyceride concentrations than the carriers of the C allele (49). Similarly, Mazoochian et al described increased triglyceride levels in individuals with the TT genotype (50).…”

Section: Bilirubin Serum Levelmentioning

confidence: 94%

Genetics, genomics, and diet interactions in obesity in the Latin American environment

et al. 2022

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Obesity is a chronic disease characterized by abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that could impact an individual’s health; moreover, the World Health Organization (WHO) has declared obesity a global epidemic since 1997. In Latin America, in 2016, reports indicated that 24.2% of the adult population was obese. The environmental factor or specific behaviors like dietary intake or physical activity have a vital role in the development of a condition like obesity, but the interaction of genes could contribute to that predisposition. Hence, it is vital to understand the relationship between genes and disease. Indeed, genetics in nutrition studies the genetic variations and their effect on dietary response; while genomics in nutrition studies the role of nutrients in gene expression. The present review represents a compendium of the dietary behaviors in the Latin American environment and the interactions of genes with their single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with obesity, including the risk allele frequencies in the Latin American population. Additionally, a bibliographical selection of several studies has been included; these studies examined the impact that dietary patterns in Latin American environments have on the expression of numerous genes involved in obesity-associated metabolic pathways.

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Section: Bilirubin Serum Levelmentioning

confidence: 94%

Genetics, genomics, and diet interactions in obesity in the Latin American environment

et al. 2022

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“…When estimating sample size, the dependence between food quality indices and obesity was considered a crucial dependent variable. The sample size was projected to be 340 using the G-power program with a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.25, α = 0.05, and power of 80% [ 25 , 26 ]. Using the approach of convenience, samples were obtained via announcements.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between plant-based diets and metabolic syndrome in obese adults from Iran: a cross-sectional study

et al. 2023

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Background Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a common chronic disease with several complications. Given that, studies on the association of plant-based diet indices (PDIs) with risk of MetS among adults with obesity, are limited, we aimed to examine the association between PDIs (including overall PDI, healthy PDI (hPDI), unhealthy PDI (uPDI)) and MetS in Iranian adults with obesity. Methods In Tabriz, Iran, a total of 347 adults between the ages of 20 and 50 participated in this cross-sectional research study. We created an overall PDI, hPDI, and uPDI from validated semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) data. To investigate the association between hPDI, overall PDI, uPDI, and MetS and its components, a binary logistic regression analysis was performed. Results The average age was 40.78 ± 9.23 years, and the average body mass index was 32.62 ± 4.80 kg/m2. There was no significant association between overall PDI (OR: 0.87; 95% CI: 0.54–1.47), hPDI (OR: 0.82; 95% CI: 0.48–1.40), and uPDI (OR: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.87–2.46) with MetS, even after adjustment for confounders. Moreover, our findings showed that participants with the highest adherence to uPDI had a higher chance of hyperglycemia (OR: 2.50; 95% CI: 1.13–5.52). Also, this association was significant in the first (OR: 2.51; 95% CI: 1.04–6.04) and second (OR: 2.58; 95% CI: 1.05–6.33) models, after controlling for covariates. However, in both adjusted and crude models, we did not find a significant association between hPDI and PDI scores and MetS components such as high triglyceride, high waist circumference, low High-density lipoprotein cholesterol, raised blood pressure, and hyperglycemia. Moreover, those in the top tertile of uPDI had higher fasting blood sugar and insulin levels when compared with those in the first tertile, and subjects in the last tertile of hPDI compared with participants in the first tertile had lower weight, waist-to-hip ratio, and fat-free mass. Conclusion We found a direct significant association between uPDI and odds of hyperglycemia in the whole population of study. Future large-scale, prospective studies on PDIs and the MetS are necessary to confirm these findings.

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“…FADS2 polymorphisms affect the obesity risk in the adult population as well [147]. Moreover-some SNPs can manifest by enhancing circulating fatty acids, influencing predispositions of developing metabolic syndrome, or interacting with dietary non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity-thereby influencing cardio-metabolic risk factors [147,148]. Intronic or intragenic FADS2 SNPs are associated with different levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) ω-6 and ω-3 in pregnant women [149].…”

Section: Genetic Susceptibility To Sarcopenic Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunogenetic Aspects of Sarcopenic Obesity

Mazurkiewicz,

Czernikiewicz,

Grygiel-Górniak

2024

Genes

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Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is a combination of obesity and sarcopenia, with diagnostic criteria defined as impaired skeletal muscle function and altered body composition (e.g., increased fat mass and reduced muscle mass). The mechanism of SO is not yet perfectly understood; however, the pathogenesis includes aging and its complications, chronic inflammation, insulin resistance (IR), and hormonal changes. Genetic background is apparent in the pathogenesis of isolated obesity, which is most often polygenic and is characterized by the additive effect of various genetic factors. The genetic etiology has not been strictly established in SO. Still, many data confirm the existence of pathogenic gene variants, e.g., Fat Mass and Obesity Associated Gene (FTO), beta-2-adrenergic receptor (ADRB2) gene, melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) and others with obesity. The literature on the role of these genes is scarce, and their role has not yet been thoroughly established. On the other hand, the involvement of systemic inflammation due to increased adipose tissue in SO plays a significant role in its pathophysiology through the synthesis of various cytokines such as monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), IL-1Ra, IL-15, adiponectin or CRP. The lack of anti-inflammatory cytokine (e.g., IL-15) can increase SO risk, but further studies are needed to evaluate the exact mechanisms of implications of various cytokines in SO individuals. This manuscript analyses various immunogenetic and non-genetic factors and summarizes the recent findings on immunogenetics potentially impacting SO development.

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Interplay between fatty acid desaturase2 (FADS2) rs174583 genetic variant and dietary antioxidant capacity: cardio-metabolic risk factors in obese individuals

Cited by 5 publications

References 59 publications

Genetics, genomics, and diet interactions in obesity in the Latin American environment

Genetics, genomics, and diet interactions in obesity in the Latin American environment

Association between plant-based diets and metabolic syndrome in obese adults from Iran: a cross-sectional study

Immunogenetic Aspects of Sarcopenic Obesity

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