Interplay between Metabolism, Nutrition and Epigenetics in Shaping Brain DNA Methylation, Neural Function and Behavior

Pizzorusso, Tommaso; Tognini, Paola

doi:10.3390/genes11070742

Cited by 24 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 135 publications

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“…Epigenetic modifications could be classified into three main categories including DNA modifications, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs)-mediated modifications (Hwang et al, 2017;Thompson et al, 2020). Of the DNA methylation modifications, 5methylcytosine (5-mC), 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC), and N 6 -methyladenosine (m6A) have been identified and characterized as important epigenetic markers involved in regulation of gene expression in complicated mechanisms (Dermentzaki and Lotti, 2020;Pizzorusso and Tognini, 2020). In a broad sense, the ncRNAs are widely defined as all types of RNAs that are not translated into proteins due to the lack of an open reading frame (ORF).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long Non-coding RNAs in Pathogenesis of Neurodegenerative Diseases

Zhou

Wang

et al. 2021

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Emerging evidence addresses the link between the aberrant epigenetic regulation of gene expression and numerous diseases including neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and Huntington’s disease (HD). LncRNAs, a class of ncRNAs, have length of 200 nt or more, some of which crucially regulate a variety of biological processes such as epigenetic-mediated chromatin remodeling, mRNA stability, X-chromosome inactivation and imprinting. Aberrant regulation of the lncRNAs contributes to pathogenesis of many diseases, such as the neurological disorders at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. In this review, we highlight the latest research progress on the contributions of some lncRNAs to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases via varied mechanisms, such as autophagy regulation, Aβ deposition, neuroinflammation, Tau phosphorylation and α-synuclein aggregation. Meanwhile, we also address the potential challenges on the lncRNAs-mediated epigenetic study to further understand the molecular mechanism of the neurodegenerative diseases.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long Non-coding RNAs in Pathogenesis of Neurodegenerative Diseases

Zhou

Wang

et al. 2021

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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“…Changes in the extracellular environment, such as food deprivation, caloric restriction, and intense exercise, modify intracellular nutrient-responsive pathways that promote adaptation and epigenetic changes (Dai et al, 2020 ; Gut & Verdin, 2013 ; Pizzorusso & Tognini, 2020 ).…”

Section: Diet Microbiome Metabolites and Epigenetic Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Folate, choline, and methionine are essential metabolites related to methylation through the conversion of homocysteine to SAM. These metabolites are dietary requirements for maintaining methylation levels (Elango, 2020 ; Niculescu & Zeisel, 2002 ; Pizzorusso & Tognini, 2020 ). A methyl-deficient diet reduces one-third of the remethylation of one-carbon cycle metabolites (Farias et al, 2015 ; Ferrari & Pasini, 2013 ; Gerhäuser, 2012 ; Townsend, Davis, Mackey, & Gregory, 2004 ) and leads to aberrant DNA-methyltransferase activity, abnormal DNA methylation in liver tumors (Lopatina, 1998 ), and RNA methylation (Mosca et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Diet Microbiome Metabolites and Epigenetic Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The remodel of the “central dogma”: a metabolomics interaction perspective

2021

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Background In 1957, Francis Crick drew a linear diagram on a blackboard. This diagram is often called the “central dogma.” Subsequently, the relationships between different steps of the “central dogma” have been shown to be considerably complex, mostly because of the emerging world of small molecules. It is noteworthy that metabolites can be generated from the diet through gut microbiome metabolism, serve as substrates for epigenetic modifications, destabilize DNA quadruplexes, and follow Lamarckian inheritance. Small molecules were once considered the missing link in the “central dogma”; however, recently they have acquired a central role, and their general perception as downstream products has become reductionist. Metabolomics is a large-scale analysis of metabolites, and this emerging field has been shown to be the closest omics associated with the phenotype and concomitantly, the basis for all omics. Aim of review Herein, we propose a broad updated perspective for the flux of information diagram centered in metabolomics, including the influence of other factors, such as epigenomics, diet, nutrition, and the gut- microbiome. Key scientific concepts of review Metabolites are the beginning and the end of the flux of information.

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“…The macronutrient composition of the daily food ration can define vital physiological and molecular functions by affecting the metabolic, epigenetic and genetic features of organisms (Pizzorusso & Tognini 2020). The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster has been widely used as a model to investigate the nongenetic inheritance of dietary effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parental dietary sucrose affects metabolic and antioxidant enzyme activities in Drosophila

Strilbytska

Strutynska

Semaniuk

et al. 2021

Entomological Science

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The influence of parental nutrition as a key environmental factor that can influence offspring performance has become a hot topic for modern investigations. In the current study using fruit flies, Drosophila melanogaster, we found the sucrose concentration of the diet in the parental generation had a significant influence on the metabolism and antioxidant defense of the next generation, even when that subsequent generation had been shifted to a standard diet. We found that low concentrations of dietary carbohydrate in the parental generation led to higher activities of lactate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase (MDH) and alanine transaminase (ALT) enzymes and increased urea content in their progeny. Moreover, higher activities of the firstand second-line antioxidant defense enzymes were detected in F1 males generated from parents fed a low-carbohydrate diet. Low sucrose concentration in the parental diet resulted in increased levels of protein thiols but decreased the low-molecular-weight thiol group content in F1 males. The influence of different dietary sucrose concentrations also resulted in sex-dependent differences, where MDH, ALT, glutathione-S-transferase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and isocitrate dehydrogenase activities and levels of thiol groups were unaffected in F1 females. The results highlight the transgenerational influence that specific dietary macronutrients provided in the parental diet, namely carbohydrates, can have on the next generation, influencing enzyme activities, metabolic pathways and antioxidant defenses in progeny Drosophila.

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Interplay between Metabolism, Nutrition and Epigenetics in Shaping Brain DNA Methylation, Neural Function and Behavior

Cited by 24 publications

References 135 publications

Long Non-coding RNAs in Pathogenesis of Neurodegenerative Diseases

Long Non-coding RNAs in Pathogenesis of Neurodegenerative Diseases

The remodel of the “central dogma”: a metabolomics interaction perspective

Parental dietary sucrose affects metabolic and antioxidant enzyme activities in Drosophila

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