Interplay Between Urbanization and Irrigation on Summer Climate in the Huang‐Huai‐Hai Plain, China

Cui, Fengqi; Hamdi, Rafiq; He, Haijun; Yuan, Xiuliang; Tao, Yang; Tang, Hongqu; Wang, Bojie; Zhang, Qin; Termonia, Piet; Maeyer, Philippe De

doi:10.1029/2021jd036053

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 81 publications

(131 reference statements)

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“…The terrain of the study area is relatively flat, but micro-terrain features such as the northern mountainous region and the southern hills affect the formation, intensity, and spatial-temporal distribution of extreme rainfall to a certain degree by influencing atmospheric stability, wind fields, and water vapor transport, among other factors [90]. Mountains can affect the generation of extreme precipitation by lifting or blocking low-level airflow and inducing substantial rain when unstable airflow impacts the terrain [91,92]. Meanwhile, the terrain affects atmospheric water vapor transport, and upward airflow can cause convective precipitation, enhancing precipitation intensity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal Variation of Hourly Scale Extreme Rainstorms in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain and Its Impact on NDVI

Zuo

2023

Remote Sensing

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This paper utilizes high-resolution ERA5 hourly data from 1980 to 2020 and long-term normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) time series obtained from remote sensing and applies trend analysis, correlation analysis, lag analysis, and other methods to study the spatiotemporal characteristics of extreme rainfall at daily and hourly scales in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain. The paper explores the NDVI’s variability and its relationship with extreme hourly precipitation and analyzes the main factors affecting it. The study made the following observations: (1) The extreme daily precipitation in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain shows a decreasing trend, with a 13.6 mm/yr reduction rate. In contrast, the proportion of extreme rainfall to total precipitation generally exceeds 20%, and the intensity of extreme rain has gradually increased. The spatial distribution pattern of extreme rainfall follows the distribution pattern of China’s rain belts, with the terrain being an important influencing factor. The high-incidence areas for extreme rainfall are the Huaihe River region and the Shandong Peninsula. (2) The observed significant increase in hourly extreme precipitation events in the Shandong and Henan provinces of the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain has led to an increased risk of flooding, while the corresponding events in the northwest region of the Plain have exhibited a gradual weakening trend over time. (3) The extreme hourly precipitation in the Huang-Huai-Hai plain shows a frequent and scattered pattern, with decreasing intensity over time. Extreme precipitation mainly occurs in the first half of the night, especially between 19:00 and 21:00, with extreme hourly rainfall intensity fluctuating between 0.2 and 0.25 and the proportion of rainfall to total precipitation reaching as high as 10%. The spatial distribution of extreme hourly rainstorms during the peak period (19:00–21:00) exhibits a high rainfall volume, intensity, and frequency pattern in the eastern region, while the western part exhibits low rainfall volume, intensity, and frequency. (4) The incidence of extremely heavy rainfall in an hour has exhibited a more significant increase compared to extreme daily events in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, primarily in the form of backward-type precipitation. Hourly extreme precipitation events in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain are affected by terrain and land use/cover change (LUCC), with the micro-topography of hilly areas leading to a concentrated distribution of precipitation and LUCC suppressing extreme precipitation events in arid climates. (5) At the ten-day scale, the spatial distribution of the NDVI shows a gradually increasing trend from northwest to southeast, with the highest NDVI value reaching up to 0.6 in the southern part of the study area. For extreme hourly precipitation, there is no significant change observed at the multi-year ten-day scale; while the NDVI in the northern and central parts of the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain shows a significant decreasing trend, in contrast, it presents a significant increasing trend in the southern region. (6) Finally, the correlation between NDVI at the ten-day scale and extreme hourly precipitation exhibits a decreasing pattern from north to south, with a correlation coefficient decreasing from 0.48 to 0.08. The lagged correlation analysis of extreme hourly rainfall and NDVI for one, two, and three ten-day periods shows that the lagged effect of extreme hourly precipitation on NDVI is negligible. Analyzing the correlation between extreme hourly rainfall and NDVI for different months, the impact of extreme hourly precipitation on NDVI is predominantly negative, except for June, which shows a positive correlation (0.35), passing the significance test. This study offers a scientific foundation for enhancing disaster warning accuracy and timeliness and strengthening the research on disaster reduction techniques.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal Variation of Hourly Scale Extreme Rainstorms in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain and Its Impact on NDVI

Zuo

2023

Remote Sensing

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“…Cui et al. (2022) explored the interplay between urbanization and irrigation on summer climate in the NCP based on three regional climate model simulations with/without urbanization or irrigation and found that the cooling effect of irrigation exceeded the warming effect of urbanization. However, these studies used the observed vegetation data to update the land surface vegetation characteristics of the regional climate model, neglecting irrigation greening effect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, Yang et al (2016) evaluated the irrigation climatic effects over the NCP using multiple 10-year regional climate model simulations with different irrigation configurations and indicated that irrigation caused strong local wetting and strong local cooling in both spring and summer. Cui et al (2022) explored the interplay between urbanization and irrigation on summer climate in the NCP based on three regional climate model simulations with/without urbanization or irrigation and found that the cooling effect of irrigation exceeded the warming effect of urbanization. However, these studies used the observed vegetation data to update the land surface vegetation characteristics of the regional climate model, neglecting irrigation greening effect.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The rapid expansion of irrigated area makes the NCP the largest irrigated area in China (Kang & Eltahir, 2019). Extensive studies have attempted to investigate the irrigation climatic effects over the NCP using regional climate model simulations and led to considerable achievements (e.g., Cui et al, 2022;Wu et al, 2018;Yang et al, 2016). For instance, Yang et al (2016) evaluated the irrigation climatic effects over the NCP using multiple 10-year regional climate model simulations with different irrigation configurations and indicated that irrigation caused strong local wetting and strong local cooling in both spring and summer.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Irrigation‐Induced Crop Growth Enhances Irrigation Cooling Effect Over the North China Plain by Increasing Transpiration

Liu

Wang

2023

Water Resources Research

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The large‐scale irrigation is demonstrated to significantly affect regional hydroclimatic regime by changing underlying surface (e.g., crop growth and soil moisture), yet the contribution of irrigation‐induced crop “greening” to climatic effects is not well understood. In this study, we use a window‐searching algorithm to evaluate the irrigation effects on vegetation with leaf area index (LAI) as a vegetation index, and further conduct three regional climate simulations to investigate the comprehensive effects of irrigation on surface fluxes and local climate over the North China Plain. We find that irrigation leads to a more significant greening in March‐May (MAM) than in June‐September (JJAS). Especially in April and May, the irrigation‐induced change in LAI (ΔLAI) exceeds 0.4 m2 m−2 in intensively irrigated areas. Irrigation induces a cooling effect in air temperature at 2 m with decreasing magnitudes of 0.58°C in MAM and 0.43°C in JJAS, respectively, in which ΔLAI contributes about 34.5% (0.20°C) and 14.0% (0.06°C). Likewise, the irrigation‐induced changes in latent heat flux, sensible heat flux, and transpiration are all enlarged via the irrigation greening effect. Whereas the increase in soil evaporation is alleviated, because the greening‐triggered enhancement of crop root uptake reduces the increase in soil moisture. Moreover, irrigation effects on net radiation depend on the competing influences of irrigation‐triggered cooling and cloud formation. This study provides beneficial references to understand the impact of irrigation on regional energy balance and water cycle, and highlights that in modeling hydroclimatic feedback to irrigation, the greening effect induced by irrigation should be considered.

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The summer warming of Beijing (China) under the Paris Agreement

Cui,

Hamdi,

Yang

et al. 2024

Theor Appl Climatol

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Interplay Between Urbanization and Irrigation on Summer Climate in the Huang‐Huai‐Hai Plain, China

Cited by 6 publications

References 81 publications

Spatiotemporal Variation of Hourly Scale Extreme Rainstorms in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain and Its Impact on NDVI

Spatiotemporal Variation of Hourly Scale Extreme Rainstorms in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain and Its Impact on NDVI

Irrigation‐Induced Crop Growth Enhances Irrigation Cooling Effect Over the North China Plain by Increasing Transpiration

The summer warming of Beijing (China) under the Paris Agreement

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