Interplay of Anisotropy Energy Barrier and Self-Heating Efficiency of Cobalt-Substituted CuFe₂O₄ Nanoparticles

Abstract

In this study, we delve into the intricate interplay between the anisotropy energy barrier and the self-heating efficiency of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). We embarked on this exploration by synthesizing Cu 1−x Co x Fe 2 O 4 (x = 0, 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5) MNPs using a straightforward coprecipitation method. Our magnetic assessments, conducted at different temperatures, unveiled a notable trend as we traversed from x = 0.1 to x = 0.5. Specifically, we observed a consistent increase in saturation magnetization, coercivity, and remanence. This pattern also extended to the anisotropy energy barrier, which was derived from the effective anisotropy constant determined through the temperature dependency of the coercivity method. However, an intriguing twist emerged when we scrutinized the specific absorption rate (SAR), calculated via the Box-Lucas method. Contrary to much of the existing literature, our experimental results showcased a decline in SAR concerning x. This experimental work challenges the conventional understanding of the relationship between the anisotropy energy barrier and the SAR value of these nanoparticles. This study prompts us to reconsider the intricate mechanisms governing the relaxation of magnetic moments and subsequent heat release when subjected to an alternating magnetic field. By doing so, we aim to gain fresh insights into the self-heating properties of MNPs and optimize their utilization to better understand their heat-release properties and ensure that they are used as efficiently as possible in a variety of biomedical applications.