Interplay of immune modulation, adaptive response and hormesis: Suggestive of threshold for clinical manifestation of effects of ionizing radiation at low doses?

This study assesses the gamma radiation shielding efficiency of polymer composites doped with varying amounts of alloy, using software to demonstrate the potential application of innovative materials in radiation protection. Specifically, Poly Lactic Acid (PLA) and Poly Ethylene Glycol (PEG) composites doped with NiMnGa at concentrations of 2, 6, 10, and 15% were analyzed across an energy range of 0.0595 to 1.41 MeV using Geant4 and WinXCOM software. The radiation protection ability of the composites and the pure alloy were assessed by calculating key parameters, including the mass attenuation coefficient (μm), linear attenuation coefficient (μ), half value layer (HVL), tenth value layer (TVL), and mean free path (MFP). The analyses indicated strong agreement between the results obtained from Geant4 and WinXCOM, demonstrating the performance of the software in investigating the radiation shielding characteristics of polymer-based materials. It was investigated that increasing the amount of NiMnGa in the composite structure significantly enhanced its radiation shielding capabilities. Notably, composites with 15% NiMnGa exhibited superior performance, comparable to traditional heavy metals, while maintaining the lightweight and flexible nature of polymer-based materials. The strong agreement between Geant4 and WinXCOM results further validates the computational approach. These findings highlight the potential of NiMnGa-doped polymer composites as eco-friendly, cost-effective alternatives to lead-based shields for medical and industrial applications, offering enhanced protection with reduced toxicity and environmental impact.

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Evaluation of Environmental Radiation Exposure and Algorithms for Determining the Occupational Effective Dose During 99mTc-MDP Bone Scintigraphy: A Comprehensive Analysis

Marshall,

Hayeeabdunromae,

Noomad

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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This study evaluated the occupational exposure of radiopharmacists, nurses, radiological technologists, and radiological technologist assistants involved in 99mTc-MDP bone scintigraphy procedures. Actual occupational effective doses for individual staff needed ascertaining. An environmental radiation exposure audit revealed all nuclear medicine areas were compliant with ICRP and IAEA guidelines. To ascertain individual doses, they were recorded by OSL badges. The highest exposure was to the radiopharmacists, Hp(0.07) 2.19 µSv during radiolabeling. The nurse administering 99mTc-MDP recorded a dose of 0.27 µSv at Hp(0.07), 26.01% of the total occupational effective dose. The radiological technologist and assistant receive 73.05% of the total effective dose. However, the highest effective dose was received by the technologist assistant positioning patients for SPECT/CT scans, with an effective dose of 32.03 µSv. Single and double dosimetry effective dose estimate algorithms were evaluated, resulting in the double dosimetry being more accurate. The Padovani et al. algorithm was found to most closely align with 99mTc-MDP actual effective dose values (p > 0.05), thereby validating the measurement methods used in this study. The research offers benchmark environmental exposure and effective doses applicable in audits and the continuous effort to enhance radiation safety for personnel during 99mTc-MDP bone scintigraphy.

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Interplay of immune modulation, adaptive response and hormesis: Suggestive of threshold for clinical manifestation of effects of ionizing radiation at low doses?

Cited by 4 publications

References 209 publications

Ionizing Radiation for Inclusive Growth

Ionizing Radiation for Inclusive Growth

Investigation of Gamma Radiation Shielding in NiMnGa-Doped Multifunctional Smart Polymer Composites Using Geant4 and WinXCOM

Evaluation of Environmental Radiation Exposure and Algorithms for Determining the Occupational Effective Dose During 99mTc-MDP Bone Scintigraphy: A Comprehensive Analysis

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