Interplay of Physical, Chemical and Biological Components in Estuarine Ecosystem with Special Reference to Sundarbans, India

Manna, Suman; Chaudhuri, Kaberi; Sarma, Kakoli Sen; Naskar, Pankaj; Bhattacharyya, Somenath; Bhattacharyya, Maitree

doi:10.5772/32110

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 105 publications

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“…Due to pulses of nutrients into the water column (e.g., nutrient re-suspension to more illuminated regions), the tides can cause temporal variations in the phytoplankton community composition, structure and distribution, especially in shallow coastal waters, where generally this fluctuation periodicity is more notable (Blauw et al 2012). The patterns of the estuarine phytoplankton community, especially in tropical oligotrophic systems, are still little known when compared to the extensive number of studies carried out on estuarine systems in temperate regions (Rochelle-Newall et al 2011;Manna et al 2012;Pan et al 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microphytoplankton in a tropical oligotrophic estuarine system: spatial variations and tidal cycles

2018

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Camamu Bay is a shallow estuarine system, and its circulation pattern is governed by tidal forcing. The system is formed by four sectors including the main channel and three hydrodynamic regions, delimited by the influence of the five tributaries. Water samples were collected in two different pluviometric periods (dry and rainy), at nine sampling points over the three hydrodynamic regions, and at a mooring (13°52 0 27.42 00 S, 38°57 0 46.19 00 W), in the main channel, where samples were collected every 3 h over cycles of spring tides. At each sampling station, physicochemical variables were measured and water samples were collected for analysis of dissolved inorganic nutrients and chlorophyll a, composition and cell density studies of microphytoplankton. A total of 201 taxa were identified, and the great majority of the taxa were from the marine environment. The taxonomic composition varied between the hydrodynamic regions, with greater chainforming diatom richness, in the two study periods. Although the highest concentration of dissolved inorganic nutrients was observed in the rainy period, microphytoplankton cell density did not increase in this period. The patterns of the estuarine phytoplankton community in tropical oligotrophic systems are still little known when compared to the temperate regions. Camamu Bay is one of the last known areas in the tropical South Atlantic, and this study confirms its oligotrophic characteristics, based on abiotic and biotic conditions. We highlighted the importance of knowledge of pristine coastal systems as a tool for the evaluation of anthropogenic changes in these areas.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microphytoplankton in a tropical oligotrophic estuarine system: spatial variations and tidal cycles

2018

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“…Comparison of phytoplankton production to community respiration has indicated the heterotrophic nature of the Sundarban ecosystems. The saturation of dissolved carbon dioxide in the creek surface water with respect to the atmosphere has been shown to fluctuate seasonally, between 59% and 156%, with minimum and maximum levels during post-and pre-monsoon, respectfully (Manna et al, 2012).…”

Section: Exchange With the Atmospherementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Excreta and detritus pass to the decomposer tropic level where microorganisms break down the material. In case of mangrove dominated Sunderban estuaries, where huge quantities of leaf litters are loaded to the adjacent estuarine water, the availability of nitrogen is considered as a major limiting factor in determining overall productivity and heterotrophic bacterial production may exceed phytoplankton primary production (Manna et al, 2012). Community respiration rate provides a estimate of heterotrophic activity that can be directly related to the oxidation of organic matter and it is regarded as a key index of the energy used by consumers at a given time and place (Biddanda et al, 1994).…”

Section: Food Chain and Energy Transfer To Higher Trophic Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Community respiration rate provides a estimate of heterotrophic activity that can be directly related to the oxidation of organic matter and it is regarded as a key index of the energy used by consumers at a given time and place (Biddanda et al, 1994). Sunderbans estuary is designated as a moderately productive estuary with an annual integrated phytoplankton production rate ranging 3.0 to 6.0 µg C L -1 h -1 and community respiration ranging 1.5 to 3.5 µg C L -1 h -1 (Manna et al, 2012). Mangrove-derived detritus is the dominant energy source serving major portions of the diets of and many organisms including crustaceans, oysters, mussels, insect larvae, nematodes, polychaetes, and fishes in the estuarine wetlands of the Sundarban mangroves.…”

Section: Food Chain and Energy Transfer To Higher Trophic Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The zooplankton species richness is usually higher in monsoon, followed by premonsoon, and lowest in post-monsoon. Although copepods can be considered as the major group, which comprised 40%-65% of total zooplankton in most of the months, occasional dominance of polychaete and shrimp larvae in the Sundarban wetlands has been reported (Manna et al, 2012). Broadly, the impacts of climate change on living organism can be differentiated into two categories, i.e., shifts in species" distribution supporting their survival, and shifts in their phenology or the timing of biological activities including reproduction.…”

Section: Impacts On Biodiversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sundarban mangroves: diversity, ecosystem services and climate change impacts

Neogi

Dey

Kabir

et al. 2017

Asian J. Med. Biol. Res

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Abstract:The Bengal delta coast harboring the famous Sundarban mangroves is extremely vulnerable to climate change. Already, salinity intrusion, increasing cyclones and anomalies in rainfall, and temperature, are causing many social and livelihood problems. However, our knowledge on the diversified climate change impacts on Sundarban ecosystems services, providing immense benefits, including foods, shelters, livelihood, and health amenities, is very limited. Therefore, this article has systematically reviewed the major functional aspects, and highlights on biodiversity, ecosystem dynamics, and services of the Sunderban mangroves, with respect to variations in climatic factors. The mangrove ecosystems are highly productive in terms of forest biomass, and nutrient contribution, especially through detritus-based food webs, to support rich biodiversity in the wetlands and adjacent estuaries. Sundarban mangroves also play vital role in atmospheric CO 2 sequestration, sediment trapping and nutrient recycling. Sea level rise will engulf a huge portion of the mangroves, while the associated salinity increase is posing immense threats to biodiversity and economic losses. Climate-mediated changes in riverine discharge, tides, temperature, rainfall and evaporation will determine the wetland nutrient variations, influencing the physiological and ecological processes, thus biodiversity and productivity of Sundarban mangroves. Hydrological changes in wetland ecosystems through increased salinity and cyclones will lower the food security, and also induce human vulnerabilities to waterborne diseases. Scientific investigations producing high resolution data to identify Sundarban"s multidimensional vulnerabilities to various climatic regimes are essential. Sustainable plans and actions are required integrating conservation and climate change adaptation strategies, including promotion of alternative livelihoods. Thus, interdisciplinary approaches are required to address the future climatic disasters, and better protection of invaluable ecosystem services of the Sunderban mangroves.

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