Interpretation of ground surface changes prior to the 2010 large eruption of Merapi volcano using ALOS/PALSAR, ASTER TIR and gas emission data

Saepuloh, Asep; Urai, Minoru; Aisyah, Nurnaning; Sunarta,; Widiwijayanti, Christina; Subandriyo,; Jousset, Philippe

doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2013.05.001

Cited by 41 publications

(26 citation statements)

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“…Using IASI measurements from 1000 to 1200 cm −1 and from 1300 to 1410 cm −1 , an optimal estimation retrieval (Rodgers, 2000) is employed to estimate the SO 2 column amount, the height and spread of the SO 2 profile, and the surface skin temperature.…”

Section: So 2 Retrieval Schemementioning

confidence: 99%

The vertical distribution of volcanic SO<sub>2</sub> plumes measured by IASI

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) is an important atmospheric constituent that plays a crucial role in many atmospheric processes. Volcanic eruptions are a significant source of atmospheric SO 2 and its effects and lifetime depend on the SO 2 injection altitude. The Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) on the METOP satellite can be used to study volcanic emission of SO 2 using high-spectral resolution measurements from 1000 to 1200 and from 1300 to 1410 cm −1 (the 7.3 and 8.7 µm SO 2 bands) returning both SO 2 amount and altitude data. The scheme described in Carboni et al. (2012) has been applied to measure volcanic SO 2 amount and altitude for 14 explosive eruptions from 2008 to 2012. The work includes a comparison with the following independent measurements: (i) the SO 2 column amounts from the 2010 Eyjafjallajökull plumes have been compared with Brewer ground measurements over Europe; (ii) the SO 2 plumes heights, for the 2010 Eyjafjallajökull and 2011 Grimsvötn eruptions, have been compared with CALIPSO backscatter profiles. The results of the comparisons show that IASI SO 2 measurements are not affected by underlying cloud and are consistent (within the retrieved errors) with the other measurements. The series of analysed eruptions (2008 to 2012) show that the biggest emitter of volcanic SO 2 was Nabro, followed by Kasatochi and Grímsvötn. Our observations also show a tendency for volcanic SO 2 to reach the level of the tropopause during many of the moderately explosive eruptions observed. For the eruptions observed, this tendency was independent of the maximum amount of SO 2 (e.g. 0.2 Tg for Dalafilla compared with 1.6 Tg for Nabro) and of the volcanic explosive index (between 3 and 5).

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Section: So 2 Retrieval Schemementioning

confidence: 99%

The vertical distribution of volcanic SO<sub>2</sub> plumes measured by IASI

et al. 2016

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“…Remote sensing has been largely applied to characterize the deposits of the 2010 Merapi eruption, either based on optical data Komorowski et al, 2013;Solikhin et al, in revision) or SAR images using X-band (Bignami et al, 2013) or L-band (Saepuloh et al, 2013;Yulianto, Sofan, Khomarudin, & Haidar, 2013). As SAR images can be used to track lava extrusion and dome growth at highly explosive andesitic volcanoes, they were essential for managing the 2010 eruptive crisis of Merapi (Pallister et al, 2013).…”

Section: Case Study: the 2010 Merapi Pyroclastic Depositsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During this eruption, the summit crater expanded from 0.048 km 2 (on 1 November 2010) to 0.093 km 2 (on 1 February 2011), which is similar to the result based on optical satellite images (0.11 km 2 ; Solikhin et al, in revision). Crater expansion was also followed by geomorphological changes of the dome surface, from an area of 0.0135 km 2 on 1 November 2010 to 0.0432 km 2 on 1 February 2011 (Saepuloh et al, 2013).…”

Section: Ratio Of Amplitude Imagementioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping the 2010 Merapi pyroclastic deposits using dual-polarization Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data

Solikhin

Pinel

Vandemeulebrouck

et al. 2015

Remote Sensing of Environment

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“…At explosive domebuilding volcanoes, the location of the conduit is more difficult to constrain. In some cases, we can observe summit deformation caused by the pre-eruptive intrusion of magma to very shallow levels of the volcano (Dzurisin et al, 2008;Saepuloh et al, 2013). Since the newly injected material remains there, this deformation is static and lacks co-explosive subsidence (Ratdomopurbo et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Satellite radar data reveal short-term pre-explosive displacements and a complex conduit system at VolcÃ¡n de Colima, Mexico

et al. 2014

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The geometry of the volcanic conduit is a main parameter controlling the dynamics and the style of volcanic eruptions and their precursors, but also one of the main unknowns. Pre-eruptive signals that originate in the upper conduit region include seismicity and deformation of different types and scales. However, the locality of the source of these signals and thus the conduit geometry often remain unconstrained at steep sloped and explosive volcanoes due to the sparse instrumental coverage in the summit region and difficult access. Here we infer the shallow conduit system geometry of Volcán de Colima, Mexico, based on ground displacements detected in high resolution satellite radar data up to 7 h prior to an explosion in January 2013. We use Boundary Element Method modeling to reproduce the data synthetically and constrain the parameters of the deformation source, in combination with an analysis of photographs of the summit. We favor a two-source model, indicative of distinct regions of pressurization at very shallow levels. The horizontal location of the upper pressurization source coincides with that of post-explosive extrusion. The pattern and degree of deformation reverses again during the eruption; we therefore attribute the displacements to transient (elastic) pre-explosive pressurization of the conduit system. Our results highlight the geometrical complexity of shallow conduit systems at explosive volcanoes and its effect on the distribution of pre-eruptive deformation signals. An apparent absence of such signals at many explosive volcanoes may relate to its small temporal and spatial extent, partly controlled by upper conduit structures. Modern satellite radar instruments allow observations at high spatial and temporal resolution that may be the key for detecting and improving our understanding of the generation of precursors at explosive volcanoes.

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Interpretation of ground surface changes prior to the 2010 large eruption of Merapi volcano using ALOS/PALSAR, ASTER TIR and gas emission data

Cited by 41 publications

References 50 publications

The vertical distribution of volcanic SO<sub>2</sub> plumes measured by IASI

The vertical distribution of volcanic SO<sub>2</sub> plumes measured by IASI

Mapping the 2010 Merapi pyroclastic deposits using dual-polarization Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data

Satellite radar data reveal short-term pre-explosive displacements and a complex conduit system at VolcÃ¡n de Colima, Mexico

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Interpretation of ground surface changes prior to the 2010 large eruption of Merapi volcano using ALOS/PALSAR, ASTER TIR and gas emission data

Cited by 41 publications

References 50 publications

The vertical distribution of volcanic SO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; plumes measured by IASI

The vertical distribution of volcanic SO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; plumes measured by IASI

Mapping the 2010 Merapi pyroclastic deposits using dual-polarization Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data

Satellite radar data reveal short-term pre-explosive displacements and a complex conduit system at VolcÃ¡n de Colima, Mexico

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The vertical distribution of volcanic SO<sub>2</sub> plumes measured by IASI

The vertical distribution of volcanic SO<sub>2</sub> plumes measured by IASI