Interpretation of Root Canal Anatomy of Maxillary and Mandibular Permanent Canines in Saudi Subpopulation: A Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) Study

Almohaimede, Amal A; ALQahtani, Alanoud A.; Alhatlani, Norah M; Alsaloom, Nouf S; Alqahtani, Shafia

doi:10.1155/2021/5574512

Cited by 19 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…No studies investigated anterior teeth, except for two studies that evaluated maxillary canines [ 17 , 22 ], which showed that the anterior teeth had one root (100%), 98.4% had one canal, and 1.6% had two canals. Vertucci type I was the most predominant canal configuration (98.3%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From 2006 to the present, several studies have utilized different methodologies to analyze maxillary permanent dentition anatomy in various populations in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) [11,13,[17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34]. In some of these studies, the sample was defined as "Saudi population," whereas in others the sample was described as "Saudi subpopulation" and was from different regions of Saudi Arabia, most of which were from the central region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anatomical Evaluation of Root and Root Canal Configuration of Permanent Maxillary Dentition in the Population of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Mashyakhy

Awawdeh

Abu-Melha

et al. 2022

BioMed Research International

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Aim. This study is aimed at combining the sample sizes of all studies on permanent maxillary teeth conducted in different regions of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) to obtain a large sample size that represents the population of the KSA. The outcome of these combined studies is compared with international studies in terms of the number of roots, number of canals, and canal configurations on the basis of Vertucci’s classification. Methodology. The studies were systematically reviewed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis chart. Studies were included in the analysis if they were conducted in the KSA, involved permanent human maxillary teeth, and had a sample of more than 10 teeth (power). By contrast, studies were excluded if they involved deciduous teeth in the sample size, investigated nonhuman teeth, were not conducted in the KSA, and were case reports, case series, review studies, and anomalies. Relevant literature was searched from PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane, and Direct Science by two calibrated teams, starting in August 2020, without time limits or language restrictions. Results. The database searches and cross-referencing identified a total of 19 relevant studies. All maxillary canines ( N = 1,018 ) had one root, whereas 98.4% had one canal and 98.3% had Vertucci type I. Moreover, 63.2% of the maxillary first premolars had two roots, and 91.4% had two canals. The most common Vertucci root canal configuration was type IV (64.6%). The maxillary second premolars mostly had one root (84.4%) and one canal (50.4%). The most common canal configuration was Vertucci type I (47.1%). The majority of maxillary first molars had three roots (98.9%), 48.7% of which had three canals, and 46.4% had four canals. The most prevalent feature of the canal morphology of mesiobuccal roots was Vertucci type II (35.3%). The investigated maxillary second molars had three roots, 88.0% of which had three canals. Conclusion. This systematic review represents the Saudi population since samples were combined from different studies from different regions of the country. Variations in findings were observed in the same group of teeth from different regions and the same region, while the overall combined samples results fell within the range of other international studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomical Evaluation of Root and Root Canal Configuration of Permanent Maxillary Dentition in the Population of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Mashyakhy

Awawdeh

Abu-Melha

et al. 2022

BioMed Research International

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“…[ 17 ] In the present systemic review, the ten studies included better comparable imaging for the root canals in the permanent teeth using the CBCT than the conventional techniques. [ 2 3 4 9 11 12 13 14 15 16 ] In three of the studies, there were disagreements with the root canal assessment of the maxillary teeth isthmus and the total area. [ 5 6 8 ] None of the studies included were described the incidence of the radis molaris, or any other variations of the normal anatomy to keep out the bias.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Root Canal Morphology of Human Teeth by Cone Beam Computed Tomography and Micro-Computed Tomographic – A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis

Navas¹,

Doranala²,

Khushnud³

et al. 2022

Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences

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Introduction: To thoroughly plan and execute any dental treatment, the anatomy of the dental root canals is of prime significance. Hence, in this systemic review, we intend to evaluate the cone beam computed and micro-computed tomographic presentations of the root canal morphologies of the secondary teeth. Materials and Methods: We conducted the search for the data from the online sources such as the “EMBASE,” “Pubmed,” “Scopus,” and other sources. Only human studies were collected. Terms searched were cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), micro-computed tomography, permanent teeth, and root canal morphology. The data extraction and meta-analysis were based on the PRISMA guidelines. Results: A total of 170 studies were initially considered for the study. After the application of the inclusion and the exclusion criteria, only ten studies were qualified for the study. In 2 studies, the comparison was done between the conical beam and the microtomograhic views for assessing the root canal anatomies. There were, however, three studies that did not conclude any significant relation between the two imaging systems. When the risk of bias was calculated for the ten studies, there were only low and moderate for the ten included studies. The pooled prevalence among the genders were 21.4% (14.0%–24.6% confidence interval [CI] 95%) and 25.3% (20.0%–30.7% CI 95%), respectively, with high heterogeneity values (= 99.30% and 98.50%, respectively), but no statistical significance ( P > 0.05). Conclusion: Both the imaging systems CBCT and the microtomography can be used with accuracy in the evaluation of the anatomic variations of the human root canal. However, a definition is dependent on the voxel size.

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“…The CBCT images were interpreted at the Radiology Department of the Dental College at King Saud University by one endodontist and three trained interns for the number of roots and canals and types of canal configuration. Consultations were undertaken with an oral radiologist [ 26 ]. For image assessment, Planmeca Romexis Viewer software was utilized (Planmeca, Roselle IL).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A professional technician acquired the radiological images according to the manufacturer's recommendation using Planmeca ProMax 3D (PLANMECA, Roselle, IL, USA) and a CS9300 3D digital imaging system (Carestream, Rochester, NY). The voxel size was 75–600 μ m, with small or large field of view (FOVs), the slice thickness was 0.2 mm viewed from the coronal to apical region, and the exposure time was 3–15 seconds [ 26 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Root Canal Anatomy of Mandibular Permanent Incisors in Saudi Subpopulation: A Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) Study

et al. 2022

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This study aimed to evaluate the root canal anatomy of central and lateral mandibular incisors in a Saudi population using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Overall, 1370 CBCT images of central (687) and lateral (683) mandibular incisors of Saudi patients who attended the Dental College at King Saud University in Riyadh were examined. The number of roots and canals, canal configuration types, symmetry between bilateral incisors, and the effect of gender and age were determined. For data analysis, the chi-square test was applied, and the p value was set at ≤0.05. Only one tooth had two roots, and 41% of mandibular incisors had two canals. The most common canal configuration type observed was type I (58.83%), followed by type III (28.24%). Type V was more common in men (8.31%) than women (3.9%). Bilateral symmetries were higher in the mandibular central incisors regarding the root and canal numbers and the canal configuration types (100, 100, and 97.92%, respectively) than in the lateral incisors (99.69, 98.16, and 97.24%, respectively). The 21–40 age group showed a higher proportion of teeth with more complicated root canal anatomy than the other age groups. More than one canal in mandibular incisors is a common finding in the Saudi subpopulation, with the type III canal configuration as the most common type.

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Interpretation of Root Canal Anatomy of Maxillary and Mandibular Permanent Canines in Saudi Subpopulation: A Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) Study

Cited by 19 publications

References 40 publications

Anatomical Evaluation of Root and Root Canal Configuration of Permanent Maxillary Dentition in the Population of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Anatomical Evaluation of Root and Root Canal Configuration of Permanent Maxillary Dentition in the Population of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Evaluation of the Root Canal Morphology of Human Teeth by Cone Beam Computed Tomography and Micro-Computed Tomographic – A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis

Analysis of Root Canal Anatomy of Mandibular Permanent Incisors in Saudi Subpopulation: A Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) Study

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