Interpretation of speleothem calcite  δ 13 C variations: Evidence from monitoring soil CO 2 , drip water, and modern speleothem calcite in central Texas

Meyer, Kyle W.; Feng, Weimin; Breecker, Daniel O.; Banner, Jay L.; Guilfoyle, Amber

doi:10.1016/j.gca.2014.07.027

Cited by 73 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…Other fractionation processes might also have contributed to the δ 13 C record, particularly those occurring inside the cave or in the unsaturated aquifer above the cave system. For example, seasonal variations in cave venting can change the rate of CO 2 degassing that occurs during speleothem formation [Spötl et al, 2005;Boch et al, 2011;Meyer et al, 2014;Breitenbach et al, 2015]. This process is very effective at caves situated in temperate climates, but there is no evidence that this process is effective in tropical conditions.…”

Section: Paleoclimatic Significance Of Speleothem Magnetismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking speleothem and soil magnetism in the Pau d'Alho cave (central South America)

et al. 2016

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Mineral magnetism of Pau d'Alho cave sediments, soils outside the cave, and in the stalagmite #6 (ALHO6) in Midwest Brazil is presented. This high growth‐rate speleothem (~168 mm/ka) encompasses the past 1355 years. Oxygen and carbon isotope data from the same stalagmite allow for a direct comparison of the magnetic signal with changes in paleoprecipitation and soil dynamics at the surface. Magnetic experiments include isothermal remanent magnetization, anhysteretic remanent magnetization, hysteresis loops, first‐order reversal curves, and low‐temperature superconducting quantum interference device magnetometry. The main magnetic remanence carriers in ALHO6 are magnetite and goethite, with a nearly constant relative proportion. Remanent coercivities of magnetite in all our samples are within 14–17 mT for an average grain‐size of ~1–2 µm, in the range of pedogenic magnetite, thus suggesting the detrital grains deposited in the stalagmite were produced in the soil above the cave. Magnetic remanence variations follow δ13C and δ18O data, suggesting a climatic control on the input of magnetic minerals into the Pau d'Alho cave system. The concentration of magnetic minerals in the stalagmite is governed by soil erosion above the cave, which by its turn is controlled by soil erosion and vegetation cover. Dry periods are associated with less stable soils and result in higher mineral fluxes carried into karst systems. Conversely, wetter periods are associated with soils topped by denser vegetation that retains micrometer‐scale pedogenic minerals and thus reduces detrital fluxes into the cave.

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Section: Paleoclimatic Significance Of Speleothem Magnetismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking speleothem and soil magnetism in the Pau d'Alho cave (central South America)

et al. 2016

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“…Drȃguşin et al: Transfer of environmental signals by-case calibration of speleothem proxies against climate parameters and were employed throughout the world: Gibraltar (Mattey et al, 2008), Belgium (Verheyden et al, 2008;Van Rampelbergh et al, 2014), France (Genty et al, 2014), the Czech Republic (Faimon et al, 2012), Spain (Smith et al, 2016;Dumitru et al, 2017), Austria (Spötl et al, 2005), Germany (Riechelmann et al, 2013), USA (Onac et al, 2008;Feng et al, 2014;Meyer at al., 2014), Australia (Jex et al, 2012) or China (Hu et al, 2008;Duan et al, 2016). Such studies focus mainly on parameters such as cave air temperature and relative humidity, CO 2 concentration in drip water and cave atmosphere, or stable isotope ratios in drip water and modern calcite.…”

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confidence: 99%

Transfer of environmental signals from the surface to the underground at Ascunsă Cave, Romania

Drăguşin

Balan

Blamart

et al. 2017

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. We present here the results of a 4-year environmental monitoring program at Ascunsȃ Cave (southwestern Romania) designed to help us understand how climate information is transferred through the karst system and archived by speleothems. The air temperature inside the cave is around 7 • C, with slight differences between the upper and lower parts of the main passage. CO 2 concentrations in cave air have a seasonal signal, with summer minima and winter maxima. These might indicate the existence of an organic matter reservoir deep within the epikarst that continues to decompose over the winter, and CO 2 concentrations are possibly modulated by seasonal differences in cave ventilation.The maximum values of CO 2 show a rise after the summer of 2014, from around 2000 to about 3500 ppm, following a rise in surface temperature. Using two newly designed types of water-air equilibrators, we were able to determine the concentration of CO 2 dissolved in drip water by measuring its concentration in the equilibrator headspace and then using Henry's law to calculate its concentration in water. This method opens the possibility of continuous data logging using infrared technology, without the need for costly and less reliable chemical determinations. The local meteoric water line (δ 2 H = 7.7 δ 18 O + 10.1), constructed using monthly aggregated rainfall samples, is similar to the global one, revealing the Atlantic as the strongly dominant vapor source. The deuterium excess values, as high as 17 ‰, indicate that precipitation has an important evaporative component, possibly given by moisture recycling over the European continent. The variability of stable isotopes in drip water is similar at all points inside the cave, suggesting that the monitored drip sites are draining a homogenous reservoir. Drip rates, as well as stable isotopes, indicate that the transfer time of water from the surface is on the order of a few days.

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“…In general, PCP requires well ventilated voids (upper cave floors, various air pockets, shafts, etc.) that allow water to degas CO 2 and reach supersaturation with respect to carbonate minerals (Fairchild et al ., ; Tooth and Fairchild, ; Fairchild and McMillan, ; Meyer et al ., ). The water that has underwent the PCP would show lower overall mineralization/saturation (low EC, low SI calcite , lower alkalinity, and lower calcium concentrations) in comparison with the regular drips.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anomalous drip in the Punkva caves (Moravian Karst): relevant implications for paleoclimatic proxies

Pracný

Faimon

Šráček

et al. 2015

Hydrological Processes

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Abstract:The anomalous drip in the Punkva caves (Moravian Karst) shows specific hydrogeochemical properties such as low SI calcite~0 .14 ± 0.11 (standard deviation), low mineralization (4.53 ± 0.42) × 10 À3 mol l À1, and enhanced values of δ 13 C (À7.85 to À8.35‰ VPDB), Mg/Ca × 1000 ratio (45.7 ± 3.3), and Sr/Ca × 1000 ratio (0.65 ± 0.06). By these properties, the anomalous drip significantly differs from other regular drips in the same cave and other caves in the region. The study suggests that the anomalous drip properties are a consequence of prior calcite precipitation or/and water mixing along the water flow path. As the former processes are spatially controlled, the knowledge of dripwater flow path seems to be necessary for correct paleoclimatic/paleoenvironmental reconstructions.

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Interpretation of speleothem calcite δ 13 C variations: Evidence from monitoring soil CO 2 , drip water, and modern speleothem calcite in central Texas

Cited by 73 publications

References 81 publications

Linking speleothem and soil magnetism in the Pau d'Alho cave (central South America)

Linking speleothem and soil magnetism in the Pau d'Alho cave (central South America)

Transfer of environmental signals from the surface to the underground at Ascunsă Cave, Romania

Anomalous drip in the Punkva caves (Moravian Karst): relevant implications for paleoclimatic proxies

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