In this article, we propose to determine by thermal electric-analogy of the thermoelectric parameters of a road bearing layer structure from the thermal impedance spectroscopy method. When the road surface is submitted to thermal constraints, a heat exchange phenomenon appears to be characterized by the radiation thermal exchange coefficient and the convection thermal exchange coefficient. The influenceof one of these coefficients compared with the other one on the road depends on its environment (shade or illumination). The determination of the thermal electric parameters allow the valid bearing layer thermal stability. The method used is the thermal impedance spectroscopy method.