Interrelations between pain, stress and executive functioning

Feller, Liviu; Feller, Gal; Ballyram, Theona; Chandran, R.; Lemmer, J; Khammissa, R A G

doi:10.1177/2049463719889380

Cited by 13 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…As there are no universally agreed or binding diagnostic criteria for burnout, interested researchers and healthcare professionals use disparate ways of defining, measuring and evaluating the phenomenon, and as these diagnostic criteria are often vague and clinically problematic, it is difficult with any accuracy or consistency to determine the true epidemiological features of burnout. 20 , 26 – 28 …”

Section: The Nature Of Burnoutmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, it is evident that anyone with a personal trait of neuroticism, with type A personality behaviour, or those who are over-concerned with time management and control of situations and relationships, are at risk of burnout. 28 – 30 Experiencing difficulties with self-forgiving, dealing with ambiguity and uncertainty, setting personal boundaries and with exercising cognitive flexibility or letting go of unpleasant emotions and thoughts, are all additional risk-factors for burnout. 6 …”

Section: The Nature Of Burnoutmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The burnout construct with reference to healthcare providers: A narrative review

et al. 2022

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Burnout syndrome is a psychological response to long-term exposure to occupational stressors. It is characterized by emotional exhaustion, cognitive weariness and physical fatigue, and it may occur in association with any occupation, but is most frequently observed among professionals who work directly with people, particularly in institutional settings. Healthcare professionals who work directly with patients and are frequently exposed to work overload and excessive clinical demands, to ethical dilemmas, to pressing occupational schedules and to managerial challenges; who have to make complex judgements and difficult decisions; and who have relatively little autonomy over their job-related tasks are at risk of developing clinical burnout. In turn, clinical burnout among clinicians has a negative impact on the quality and safety of treatment, and on the overall professional performance of healthcare systems. Healthcare workers with burnout are more likely to make mistakes and to be subjected to medical malpractice claims, than do those who are burnout-naïve. Experiencing the emotional values of autonomy, competence and relatedness are essential work-related psychological needs, which have to be satisfied to promote feelings of self-realization and meaningfulness in relation to work activities, thus reducing burnout risk. Importantly, an autonomy-supportive rather than a controlling style of management decreases burnout risk and promotes self-actualization, self-esteem and a general feeling of well-being in both those in charge and in their subordinates. The purpose of this article is to discuss some of the elements constituting the burnout construct with the view of gaining a better understanding of the complex multifactorial nature of burnout. This may facilitate the development and implementation of both personal, behavioural and organizational interventions to deal with the burnout syndrome and its ramifications.

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Section: The Nature Of Burnoutmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Nature Of Burnoutmentioning

confidence: 99%

The burnout construct with reference to healthcare providers: A narrative review

et al. 2022

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“…As is the case with psychosocial stressors, MVAE elicits complex but coordinated interactions between autonomic neural, neuroendocrine and immune stress-induced processes regulated by the limbic system and the prefrontal cortex [7,8,28,45,46]. The outcome of these complex interactions is a consolidated stress response which is determined by the nature of the stressor (type, frequency, intensity, duration); and is modified by genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors, by one's mental and physical fitness, by cognitive appraisal of the stressor, by stress-coping capacity and by executive functioning [8,47,48].…”

Section: Some Functions Of the Neuroendocrine And Autonomic Neural Sy...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The major central effectors of the stress response are noradrenalin, CRH and POMC-derived neuropeptides, and the major peripheral effectors are cortisol and adrenaline [44,48]. However, cortisol also plays an important role centrally, inducing complex changes in central glutaminergic excitatory signaling in the prefrontal cortex, including modulation of presynaptic release of glutamate, of the functional activity of postsynaptic glutamate receptors, and of epigenetic regulation of expression of certain genes operating stress-mediated signaling pathways; and in facilitating synaptic activity of neural circuits in the amygdala, hippocampus and the prefrontal cortex, thus enabling the generation of perceptible stress responses: alarm, reaction and exhaustion [58].…”

Section: Some Functions Of the Neuroendocrine And Autonomic Neural Sy...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the former, the increased levels of cortisol ebb away shortly after the end of the exercise; but in the latter, the cortisol levels may remain abnormally high for a long time, with the potential to cause detrimental mental effects, associated with the different patterns of central neurochemical release induced by MVAE and by psychosocial stressors [45,50,54]. Furthermore, while chronic psychosocial stress may impair cognitive functioning, memory and performance of goal-directed tasks (Feller et al, 2020, LeBlanc, 2009, long-term regular MVAE improves these mental capacities [10,54].…”

Section: Some Functions Of the Neuroendocrine And Autonomic Neural Sy...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The interrelation between aerobic exercise, mental well-being, stress response and epigenetics

Feller¹,

MS²,

Feller³

et al. 2021

Biomed Res Rev

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Mental well-being is a subjective, adaptive state of mind arising from complex dynamic interactions between cognitive, emotional and psychosocial factors. Positive mental well-being may promote good physical health, occupational functioning and academic achievement. In the moderate-to-vigorous intensity of aerobic range, regular cardiorespiratory exercise of sufficient duration and frequency has the capacity to boost resources of mental energy, to improve sleep, mental alertness and social interactions, to buffer maladaptive upregulated emotional responses to psychosocial stressors, to decrease anxiety, to moderate depressive symptoms and to support or even improve cognitive functioning.Epigenetic modification is a biological mechanism by which environmental factors influence cellular phenotype and function. Psychosocial stressors, and regular performance of aerobic exercise have opposite effects on the central nervous system, mediated at least in part through epigenetic modifications that reprogram the expression of relevant genes.Generally, physically active persons are more resilient to stress and experience fewer depressive symptoms than do physically inactive persons; and, indeed, regular moderate to strenuous aerobic activity has a mood-enhancing effect and has been proven to mitigate negative affectivity stress responses.The purpose of this narrative review is to discuss the mechanisms that appear to play a role in aerobic exercise-induced improvement in mental well-being.

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