Interruption of HBV intrauterine transmission: A clinical study

Li, Xiaomao

doi:10.3748/wjg.v9.i7.1501

Cited by 112 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Those findings suggest that the threshold of HBV DNA 10 8 copies/mL is a potent index of HBV intrauterine infection. To those pregnant women whose serum levels of HBV DNA are high and have high infectivity, we propose to apply highly effective and safe anti-viral medicines to compress the replication of HBV and, therefore, rapidly and dramatically decrease HBV DNA level to interrupt intrauterine infection [11] . In this study, the intrauterine infection rate in the HBIG group and control group were 10.5% and 27.3%, respectively, which suggested that the intramuscular administration of HBIG regularly before delivery could effectively interrupt HBV intrauterine infection [12] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of hepatitis B immunoglobulin on interruption of HBV intrauterine infection

Shi²,

Yang³

et al. 2004

WJG

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AIM:To evaluate the efficacy of hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) in interrupting hepatitis B virus (HBV) intrauterine infection during late pregnancy. METHODS:We allocated 112 HBsAg positive pregnant women into 2 groups randomly. Fifty seven cases in the HBIG group received 200 IU (unit) HBIG intramuscularly every 4 wk from the 28 wk of gestation to the time of delivery, while 55 cases in the control group received no special treatment. HBsAg, HBeAg, HBcAb, HBeAb, HBsAb and HBV DNA levels were tested in the peripheral blood specimens from all of the mothers at 28 wk of gestation, just before delivery, and in blood from their newborns within 24 h before administration of immune prophylaxis. RESULTS:The intrauterine infection rate in HBIG group and control group were 10.5% and 27.3%, respectively, with significant difference (P<0.05). It showed ascendant trend as HBV DNA levels in the peripheral blood increased before delivery. CONCLUSION:HBIG is potent to cut down HBV intrauterine infection rate significantly when administered to pregnant women regularly during late pregnancy. The possibility of HBV intrauterine infection increases if maternal blood HBV DNA 10 8 copies/mL.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of hepatitis B immunoglobulin on interruption of HBV intrauterine infection

Shi²,

Yang³

et al. 2004

WJG

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“…For women who become pregnant while receiving oral NA therapy, current guidelines recommend continuing treatment if the drug is a category B drug such as telbivudine and tenofovir [34]. Emerging evidence suggests that the use of lamivudine in the last month of pregnancy might prevent mother-to-infant transmission of HBV in women with high HBV DNA levels [36][37][38][39][40].…”

Section: Antiviral Treatment Options For Chb In Women Of Childbearingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic hepatitis B in Asian women of childbearing age

Leung

2009

Hepatol Int

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Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a serious clinical problem affecting approximately 2 billion people worldwide. An estimated 350 million live with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection and are at an increased risk for serious liver sequelae and death from acute or chronic consequences of CHB infection. Individuals with CHB have a 20-30% risk of early death from complications, including liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. In the Asia-Pacific region, half of the CHB burden results from vertical or mother-to-child transmission, with early childhood horizontal transmission accounting for the remaining half. Screening and vaccination are key factors in the successful prevention and control of HBV infection. Over the last 20 years, the implementation of screening programs and universal HBV vaccination for all individuals born in endemic areas have reduced the prevalence of HBV infection and HBV-related liver diseases among individuals younger than 30 years. Women of childbearing age are key stakeholders in preventing HBV infection and, as such, play a critical role in reducing the vertical and horizontal transmission of HBV. Further efforts are needed to implement screening and educational programs for women of childbearing age, particularly those with CHB, to prevent the transmission of HBV to newborns, spouses, other household members, and sexual partners. In addition, healthcare workers need to learn how to avoid iatrogenic transmission in the healthcare setting. This article reviews these issues and highlights areas in which their engagement with public health efforts serves to improve quality of life and society as a whole.

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“…The consequences of HBV infection due to poor screening and low vaccination rate are that of vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus which has become the major route of transmission of the virus in Nigeria. Shi, et al [19] showed that besides the WHO recommended joint immunoprophylaxis starting from the newborn, multiple injections of small doses of hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBI g, 200-400 1 u per month) or oral Lamivudine (100 mg per day) in HBV carrier mothers with a high degree of infectiousness (>106 copies/ml) in late pregnancy effectively and safely prevent HBV intrauterine transmission, which provide new insight into preventing HBV at the earliest stage [19,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Some Immunological and Haematological Indices of Hepatitis B Infected Subjects in Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria

Francisca¹,

Jc²,

Ifeanyi³

et al. 2017

J Biomedical Sci

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This study was carried out to evaluate some immunological and haematological indices of HBV infected subjects in Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi. A total of 150 blood samples were collected from confirmed HBV positive subjects that have tested negative to HIV and HCV and consisted of (65 males) and (85 females) with average age of 35 years. A 102 apparently healthy subjects (controls), consisted of (58 males) and (44 females) with average age of 35 years. The investigations for positive and control subjects were done using standard methods. Haematological parameters were assessed using Sysmex KX-21 N automated counter. CD4 was estimated using Partec CD4 easy count kit with Partec IVD Flow Cytometer. IgG and IgM levels were determined using quantitative turbidmetric method at 540 and 340 nm. Serological markers: HBsAg, HBeAg, HBsAb, HBeAb and HBcAb were determined using one step cassette HBV test kit. Results revealed that there was significant difference between the haemoglobin concentration, monocytes and packed cell volume of hepatitis B infected subjects of different age group (P<0.05). The IgM of the positive subjects was significantly lower than that of the control negative subjects (P<0.05). The IgM of the HbAg positive markers was significantly lower than that of the control negative counterpart likewise the female subjects (P<0.05). The CD4 count, absolute eosinophils count and monocytes count of HbsAg positive subjects were significantly lower than that of the HbAg negative subjects (P<0.05). The absolute eosinophils count of HbAg positive males was significantly lower than that of the control negative subjects (P<0.05). We also discovered that the CD4 count, absolute lymphocyte count and monocytes counts were significantly lower in HbAg positive females than their control counterpart (P<0.05). The haemoglobin concentration, eosinophils count and monocytes count of the HbAg positive subjects was significantly lower than that of the control counterparts. It also revealed high prevalence markers of HBV in the study population as, HBsAg (88%) , HBeAg (30.7%) , HBsAb (4.0%) , HBeAb (8.0%) , HBcAb (13.3%) and high prevalence HBcAb (54.9 %) markers in control negative subjects (P<0.05) . The importance of proper evaluation using all hepatitis B markers for immunological and haematological diagnosis of hepatitis B virus infection cannot be neglected.The result of this study shows the need to include all the serological markers, immunological and haematological parameters in routine diagnosis of HBV infection in Nigeria. It also confirms the fact that testing blood donors for HBsAg alone is not sufficient to eliminate HBV from blood.

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Interruption of HBV intrauterine transmission: A clinical study

Abstract: The risk of HBV intrauterine infection can be effectively reduced by administration of HBIG or Lamivudine in the 3(rd) trimester of HBsAg positive pregnant women.

Cited by 112 publications

References 26 publications

Effect of hepatitis B immunoglobulin on interruption of HBV intrauterine infection

Effect of hepatitis B immunoglobulin on interruption of HBV intrauterine infection

Chronic hepatitis B in Asian women of childbearing age

Evaluation of Some Immunological and Haematological Indices of Hepatitis B Infected Subjects in Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria

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