Interruption of scheduled, automatic feeding and reduction of excess energy intake in toddlers

Ciampolini, Mario; Brenna, J. Thomas; Giannellini, Valerio; Bini, Stefania

doi:10.2147/ijgm.s39946

Cited by 14 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The physiological state recurred some times per day and suggested spontaneously energy intake in absence of visual, smell or word food cues [1]- [5]. At IH recognition, BG measurement confirmed the association with the previously assessed state of low energy availability (see later).…”

Section: Initial Hungersupporting

confidence: 78%

“…In controlled studies during IHMP, we found significant decreases of: 1) Mean BG in controlled studies on 143 infants, and in 149 adults [2] [7] [13]; 2) plasma triglycerides in 9 undernourished infants [4]; 3) glycated hemoglobin in 120 adults [7]; 4) In our studies [2] [5] energy availability is associated with resting metabolic rate (RMR) and total daily expenditure (TDE). These values significantly decreased in 24 infants by indirect calorimetry and doubly labelled water [5]. The decreases in Mean BG and in RMR are not uniform among children and adults but are in positive significant correlation with the Mean BG at recruitment (r = 0.75; N = 89; P = 0.0001, Figure 2 [7]); 5) About one third of investigated children had already at recruitment low Mean BG and did not decrease energy intake nor Mean BG after training in IHMP [2] [7].…”

Section: Effects Of Ihmpmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Celiac disease was excluded by measuring antibodies against tTG and/or intestinal biopsy. The group of diarrheic, malnourished, not celiac infants (2 to 15 months of age) was separately studied in a follow-up for two years [5].…”

Section: Studies In Childrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After meal suspension and training, clinically healthy children and adults were always able to identify the sensations of Initial Hunger (IH) and learning their recognition [1]- [5]. Subjects regulated energy intake to three or four planned IH arousals, a pattern named as IH meal pattern (IHMP), and decreased energy density of meals for a better planning.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recovery of Hunger Sensations Associated with Low Preprandial Blood Glucose: An Easy Exit from Diabetes?

Ciampolini¹,

Cecchi²

2016

OJPM

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Background: Obesity, diabetes, asthma, autism, birth defects, dyslexia, attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder and schizophrenia have increased in children in the last half century. These increases may depend on the widespread, well known error in energy balance: the unremitting addition of fat at any will (decision) to eat. In most (60%) but not all people, the decision arises as conditioned before energy exhaustion of the energy available from previous meals. After meal suspension for few hours (up to 48 hours), healthy subjects identified the arousal of sensations of hunger that we named Initial Hunger (IH). After this identification, subjects distinguished IH from conditioned sensations before subsequent meals by mental comparison of the current arousal with the remembered IH. BG decreased to 76.6 ± 3.7 mg/dL and hunger sensations (Initial hunger, IH) arose spontaneously and corresponded to the complete exhaustion of the previous meals. Objective: Not Insulin Dependent (NID) diabetic people differ from fattening people in this: after meal suspension, they do not develop any hunger sensation nor the associated low blood glucose (BG). Methods: Meal suspension lets IH arise and after no arousal, reduction of energy intake. The two subjects consumed meals that provided at least 20 grams of animal protein and up to one kg of not-starchy vegetable (NSV) for 6 to 12 months. At reappearance of IH, we implemented an Initial Hunger Meal Pattern (IHMP). Results: We tried to implement IHMP training in two obese (BMI of 39 and 33) adults out of two consecutive recruitments of subjects who showed high fasting BG. We found an absence of BG decline to 76.6 ± 3.7 mg/dL and an absence of any hunger sensation after eating suspension. Both subjects lost 13% -20% of their body weight and recovered 76.6 ± 3.7 mg/dL of BG and hunger sensations, i.e., went off diabetes. IHMP maintained the decreased body weight in the subsequent months. Conclusion: Diabetes develops for inveterate conditioned intake (when previous energy intake has not been fully exhausted before meals), excessive fattening (with presumed excessive post-absorption emission of fatty acids from fatty tissues), permanent loss of BG decline to 76.6 ± 3.7 mg/dL and permanent loss of physiological signals of

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Section: Initial Hungersupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Effects Of Ihmpmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Studies In Childrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Recovery of Hunger Sensations Associated with Low Preprandial Blood Glucose: An Easy Exit from Diabetes?

Ciampolini¹,

Cecchi²

2016

OJPM

Self Cite

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“…Adjusting energy administration to the planned IH arousals was successful most of the times [2] [3] [4]. E.g., mothers gave a large milk amount and delayed meal demand by their child.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Initial Hunger Meal Pattern and 20% Reduction in Energy Intake

Ciampolini¹

2017

OJPM

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At meals, people aim to maintain their usual energy level and balance in blood and all tissues. People have subjectively refined this aim through poorly conscious months and years, i.e., outside any comparison with other people, other times or feeding conditions. The preprandial weekly mean blood glucose can assess this individual aim that differs from other people in the general fattening/ diabetes development. The evaluation of this pathogenic development in the overall stratification shows how unhealthy is the subject's energy imbalance. After 2 -48 hours of meal suspension, the aim arises as Initial Hunger. This Initial Hunger serves as reference sensation in the assessment of current energy availability. Recognition of three Initial Hunger arousals per day produces an even energy balance and eliminates any conditioned intake. This meal pattern seemed a useful chance to reverse current trends in overweight increase. Two reliable authorities (National Institute of Health and New England Journal of Medicine) noticed that already, all dieticians instructed to wait for hunger arousal before meals to limit energy intake for body weight loss. Dieticians' definition and instructions on hunger for body weight loss miss any distinction from conditioned energy intake and are ineffective. Present report shows the need for improving awareness on hunger.

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Initial Hunger, a Subjective, Reproducible Limit in Intake Associated with Low Blood Glucose: A Training for Malnourished Infants and Overweight Adults

Ciampolini¹

2018

Handbook of Famine, Starvation, and Nutrient Deprivation

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Interruption of scheduled, automatic feeding and reduction of excess energy intake in toddlers

Abstract: Video abstract Video

Cited by 14 publications

References 27 publications

Recovery of Hunger Sensations Associated with Low Preprandial Blood Glucose: An Easy Exit from Diabetes?

Recovery of Hunger Sensations Associated with Low Preprandial Blood Glucose: An Easy Exit from Diabetes?

Initial Hunger Meal Pattern and 20% Reduction in Energy Intake

Initial Hunger, a Subjective, Reproducible Limit in Intake Associated with Low Blood Glucose: A Training for Malnourished Infants and Overweight Adults

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