Interruptions in Mental Health Care, Cannabis Use, Depression, and Anxiety during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Findings from a Cohort of HIV-Positive and HIV-Negative MSM in Los Angeles, California

Javanbakht, Marjan; Rosen, Allison D.; Ragsdale, Amy; Richter, Elizabeth; Shoptaw, Steven; Gorbach, Pamina M.

doi:10.1007/s11524-022-00607-9

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Of those, 283 were removed after initial screening due to duplication, and 727 articles were excluded based on screening titles and abstracts. The remaining 78 full‐text articles were assessed for eligibility, and 45 studies met the inclusion criteria and were, therefore, included in the final review and data extraction [19–63]. See Figure 1 for the PRISMA flowchart of the study selection and rationales for the exclusion of full‐text articles.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Twenty‐six (57.8%) studies assessed depression or depressive symptoms (Table 2) [19, 20, 22, 23, 26, 29, 31, 32, 34–36, 38, 40–42, 44, 45, 48–51, 53, 54, 57, 58, 62]. While most of the studies assessed depression or depressive symptoms cross‐sectionally in a specific recall period, a few studies asked if the participants were experiencing more severe symptoms than usual and assessed the longitudinal changes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…found that 71.8% of the participants reported feeling more depressed than usual [48]. In a study in which researchers conducted a month‐12 follow‐up assessment, the rates of depression symptoms nearly tripled from month 12 to the post‐lockdown assessment [57] Similarly, 21 studies (46.7%) assessed anxiety [19, 22, 25, 26, 31–33, 35, 36, 38–41, 43, 48, 50, 51, 54, 56, 59, 62] and 11 studies assessed loneliness [21, 23, 26, 27, 31, 32, 37, 42, 44, 46, 62]. The stress of dealing with the pandemic was assessed in eight studies [21, 23, 32, 37, 42, 44, 46, 62], and other mental health outcomes examined in these studies include schizophrenia, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism, intellectual delay, insomnia, bipolar disorder, panic disorder and PTSD [20, 22, 28, 30, 33, 37, 38, 40, 55, 60, 61, 64].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on mental health, associated factors and coping strategies in people living with HIV: a scoping review

Hong¹,

Queiroz

Hoskin³

2023

J Int AIDS Soc.

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Introduction:The COVID-19 pandemic and associated measures implemented by authorities have created additional stressors and increased the risk of psychological illnesses among people living with HIV (PLWH). Yet, there is no collective evidence on the mental health status of this population during the global pandemic and associated factors. This scoping review aimed to synthesize the evidence in the current literature related to the mental health outcomes and challenges faced by PLWH during the COVID-19 pandemic, identify the associated factors with psychological distress and summarize various coping strategies to ease these psychological distresses used by this population. Methods: We conducted a scoping review following the PRISMA-ScR guideline and a literature search in four electronic databases in August 2022. Three reviewers independently screened all the search records and extracted the data from studies that met the inclusion criteria. Factors associated with worsened mental health outcomes were synthesized according to the socio-ecological framework. Results: Among 1100 research records, 45 articles met the eligibility criteria and were included in the final review and data extraction, most of which were quantitative analyses. PLWH reported high rates of mental health problems during the pandemic. Multi-level factors were associated with increased psychological distress, including substance use, antiretroviral adherence, social support, financial hardship and economic vulnerability during the pandemic. PLWH used social media as a coping strategy to foster social support to deal with growing mental distress. Increased mental health illnesses were associated with increased substance use, it was also found associated with suboptimal medication adherence and antiretroviral therapy (ART) care engagement. Discussion: PLWH experienced high rates of mental health illnesses, such as depression during the global COVID-19 pandemic. There is an urgent need to provide comprehensive HIV treatment and mental health services as the pandemic continues to evolve. Conclusions: The review summarized how the mental health of PLWH was affected during the COVID-19 pandemic. Future work in the implementation of effective interventions to promote mental health in this population is needed, not only to ensure their quality of life but also to help them maintain ART adherence and healthcare during more unprecedented times.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on mental health, associated factors and coping strategies in people living with HIV: a scoping review

Hong¹,

Queiroz

Hoskin³

2023

J Int AIDS Soc.

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“…According to previous studies, the determinants of depression in MSM communities include HIV-related stigma, unemployment, sleep disorders, smoking, racism against blacks, birth abroad, initiation of ART, and lack of access to mental health care. Aging, internalized stigma, and lack of self-efficacy, and social support are also important in this complication [ 55 , 90 , 91 ]. However, the prevalence of depression in MSM and other key populations can be influenced by the factors mentioned in the study of Mohamad Faisal et al [ 90 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What is the global prevalence of depression among men who have sex with men? A systematic review and meta-analysis

Nouri

Moradi

2022

Ann Gen Psychiatry

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Background Depression due to stigma resulting from their sexual identity, isolation, social exclusion, and insufficient access to care and counseling services has become a health problem among men who have sex with men (MSM). Objectives This study aimed to determine the global prevalence of depression among MSM as a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods This study was a systematic review and meta-analysis performed in five steps of search strategy, screening and selecting articles, data extraction, evaluation of the risk of bias, and meta-analysis. In this study, the determined keywords were searched in the databases of PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science from January 1913 to July 2021 to find the initial articles, from which data were extracted according to the set checklist in the data extraction stage. Finally, the studies were included in the present meta-analysis according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, to be evaluated using the Newcastle Ottawa scale checklist. I Square and Q Cochrane were also used to assess the degree of heterogeneity. The analyses were performed using the random-effects model in STATA 16. Results The results showed the quality score of the majority of cross-sectional studies included in the meta-analysis (62 studies) was equal to six or seven (moderate), and five ones had a high-quality score. After combining these studies, the pooled prevalence of depression among MSM in the world was 35% (95% CI 31%–39%, I square; 98.95%, P-value < 0.001). Population subgroup analysis showed the pooled prevalence of depression among MSM living with HIV was 47% (95% CI 39%-55%, I square; 95.76%, P-value < 0.001). Continent subgroup analysis showed the highest pooled prevalence of depression among Asian MSM at 37% (95% CI 31%-43%, I square; 99.07%, P-value < 0.001). Also, in the subgroup analysis of the sampling method, the pooled prevalence in the studies which used the respondent-driven sampling method was equal to 34% (95% CI 25%-43%, I square; 99.32%, P-value < 0.001). Sensitivity analysis revealed the pooled prevalence of depression in studies included in the meta-analysis was near or around the pooled estimate. Conclusion The pooled prevalence of depression among MSM was almost three times higher than the general male population. Therefore, particular and therapeutic interventions such as screening, and harm reduction programs for mental disorders, especially depression, are suggested to be considered in service packages.

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“…The consumption of this type of substance has been positively related with a worse health status in young people [ 20 ]. In this case, regular consumption of alcoholic beverages, together with tobacco use, produces more than three million deaths annually [ 20 ], whilst regular cannabis use has been related to an increased risk of serious mental problems including depression, anxiety, and personality disorders [ 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Explanatory Model of Violent Behavior, Self‐Concept, and Alcohol, Tobacco, and Cannabis Consumption in Secondary Education Students

Melguizo-Ibáñez

González-Valero

Bădicu

et al. 2023

BioMed Research International

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Background. Current scientific evidence establishes that regular physical activity engagement provides numerous physical and mental benefits. Thus, the present research aims at examining the relationships between violent behavior, self-concept, and consumption of alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis. Specifically, two objectives were defined: (a) analyze and establish the relationships between violent behaviors, the different dimensions of self-concept, and the consumption of alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis as a function of physical activity engagement, (b) define and examine a proposed explanatory model, and (c) analyze the effect of self-concept on alcohol and tobacco consumption and physical activity engagement based on the explanatory model developed. Methods. For this purpose, a nonexperimental (ex post facto), descriptive, and cross-sectional study was conducted. For data collection, a sociodemographic questionnaire was administered alongside the Self-Concept Form 5 and the School Victimization Scale. Results. It was shown that individuals engaging in more than three hours of physical exercise per week scored more highly on the social, family, physical, and emotional aspects of self-concept, whilst those who do not meet this criterion scored more highly on the academic aspect and on physical and verbal victimization. Conclusions. The present research concludes that engagement in more than 3 hours of physical activity per week led to benefits in a number of domains of self-concept whilst, at the same time, increasing levels of violence.

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Interruptions in Mental Health Care, Cannabis Use, Depression, and Anxiety during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Findings from a Cohort of HIV-Positive and HIV-Negative MSM in Los Angeles, California

Cited by 17 publications

References 47 publications

The impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on mental health, associated factors and coping strategies in people living with HIV: a scoping review

The impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on mental health, associated factors and coping strategies in people living with HIV: a scoping review

What is the global prevalence of depression among men who have sex with men? A systematic review and meta-analysis

An Explanatory Model of Violent Behavior, Self‐Concept, and Alcohol, Tobacco, and Cannabis Consumption in Secondary Education Students

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