Interseismic crustal deformation of frontal thrust fault system in the Chiayi–Tainan area, Taiwan

Tsai, Min Chien; Yu, Sujuan; Hsu, Yi Chiung; Chen, Horng Yue; Chen, How Wei

doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2012.05.014

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Nevertheless, if we accept that a Vp of 5.2 km/s is near the basement‐synrift contact, then basement rocks are at a relatively shallow level in the crust beneath the Shuangtung thrust sheet (Figure b). This interpretation is different from that of Yang et al [] and Tsai et al [] who put large thicknesses of Miocene and younger rocks at depth in the Shunagtung thrust sheet, and more in agreement with Rodriguez‐Roa and Wiltschko [] who put Paleogene and older rocks. As can be seen from Figures and , the Miocene and younger rocks have a much lower Vp than do the rocks under the Shuangtung thrust sheet, suggesting that they are not present there [see also, Rau and Wu , ; Kim et al , , ; Wu et al , ; Kuo‐Chen et al , ] (Figure ).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 94%

“…A number of authors [e.g., Yang et al, 2006Yang et al, , 2007Mouthereau and Lacombe, 2006;Rodriguez-Roa and Wiltschko, 2010;Tsai et al, 2012] have investigated the structure of parts of the Alishan area, generally presenting cross sections that are largely based on the 1:100,000 geological map [Chinese Petroleum Company (CPC), 1986], borehole, and reflection seismic data of the Chinese Petroleum Company (CPC). In this study, new geological field mapping was carried out at a 1:50,000 scale over most of the Alishan area; the easternmost part was mapped at 1:25,000 scale [Camanni et al, 2014].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structural complexities in a foreland thrust belt inherited from the shelf-slope transition: Insights from the Alishan area of Taiwan

et al. 2014

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The Alishan area of Taiwan spans the transition from the platform with full thickness of the Eurasian continental margin in the north to the thinning crust of its slope in the south. This part of the foreland thrust and fold belt includes important along-strike changes in structure, stratigraphy, and seismic velocities. In this paper we present the results of new geological mapping from which we build geological cross sections both across and along the regional structural trend. Fault contour, stratigraphic cutoff, and branch line maps provide 3-D consistency between the cross sections. Minimum shortening is estimated to be~15 km with displacement overall to the northwest. A P wave velocity model helps constrain the structure at depth by providing insight into the possible rock units that are present there. P wave velocities of ≥ 5.2 km/s point toward the presence of basement rocks in the shallow subsurface throughout much of the southeastern part of the area, forming a basement culmination. The changes in strike of thrusts and fold axial traces, the changing elevation of thrusts and stratigraphic contacts, and the growing importance of Middle Miocene sediments that take place from north to south are interpreted to be associated with a roughly northeast striking lateral structure coincident with the northern flank of this basement culmination. These transverse structures appear to be associated with the inversion of Eocene-and Miocene-age extensional faults along what was the shelf-slope transition in the Early Oligocene, uplifting the margin sediments and their higher P wave velocity basement during Pliocene-Pleistocene thrusting.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 94%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural complexities in a foreland thrust belt inherited from the shelf-slope transition: Insights from the Alishan area of Taiwan

et al. 2014

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“…2). Also, Tsai et al (2012) did the crustal deformation modeling by GPS data from 1993 -2007, the results suggest that the frontal thrust fault system in the Chiayi-Tainan area has a high potential for large earthquakes. In addition, the velocities increase southward with significant counterclockwise rotation of velocity vectors in the coastal area of Kaohsiung-Pingtung, which was related to tectonic extrusion (Lu and Malavieille 1994;Hu et al 1997Hu et al , 2001Lacombe et al 2001;Malavieille et al 2002;Tsai 2013;Tsai et al 2015).…”

Section: Reassessment Of Seismic Hazards Of High Strain Rate In Sw Tamentioning

confidence: 96%

Pre-seismic strain anomalies and coseismic deformation of Meinong earthquake from continuous GPS

Tsai¹,

Shin²,

Kuo³

2017

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

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High strain accumulation across the fold-and-thrust belt in SW Taiwan are revealed by the Continuous GPS (cGPS) from 2007 -2015. This high strain is generally accommodated by the major active structures in fold-and-thrust belt of western Foothills. In addition, the plastic deformation of mudstone in the Gutingkeng formation might play a crucial role for aseismic creeping. Furthermore, the distributed rightlateral shear zone, fault-related folding and aseismic creeping are also dominated from Lungchuan fault and Chishan fault to the north of Kaohsiung area. Based on distribution of coseismic uplift across the Lungchuan fault to the Tainan tableland, a clear evidence of multiple fault slips was triggered by the 2016 M w 6.4 Meinong earthquake at ~15 km. The surface coseismic deformation is mainly controlled by a fault-related folding structures connected to the shallow décollement around 5 -10 km depth, in which the moderate earthquakes locate in mid-crust could trigger slip along the weak décollement. The pre-seismic baseline variation of cGPS is observed in 8 baselines near the epicenter of the Meinong earthquake. The rate-slow-down anomalies of these baseline variation could be considered as a possible precursor of the Meinong earthquake.

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“…The length of the dislocations along strike is kept long enough to avoid edge effects and the width along the dip direction is exaggerated for the deepest fault in order to mimic the far-field long-term convergence rate. This approach has been widely used to simulate interseismic deformation associated with intracontinental thrust faults (e.g., Vergne et al, 2001;Hsu et al, 2003;Grandin et al, 2012;Tsai et al, 2012;Daout et al 2016).…”

Section: Dislocation Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

New insights into active tectonics and seismogenic potential of the Italian Southern Alps from vertical geodetic velocities

Anderlini¹,

Serpelloni²,

Tolomei³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract. This study presents and discusses horizontal and vertical geodetic velocities for a low strain-rate region of the Southalpine thrust front in northeastern Italy obtained by integrating GPS, InSAR and leveling data. The area is characterized by the presence of sub-parallel, south verging thrusts, whose seismogenic potential is still poorly known. Horizontal GPS velocities show that this sector of the Eastern Southern Alps is undergoing ~ 1 mm/a of NW-SE shortening associated with the Adria-Eurasia plate convergence, but the horizontal GPS velocity gradient across the mountain front provide limited constraints on the geometry and slip-rate of the several sub-parallel thrusts. In terms of vertical velocities, the three geodetic methods provide consistent results showing a positive velocity gradient, of ~ 1.5 mm/a, across the mountain front, which can be hardly explained solely by isostatic processes. We developed a interseismic dislocation model, whose geometry is constrained by available subsurface geological reconstructions and instrumental seismicity. While a fraction of the measured uplift can be attributed to glacial and erosional isostatic processes, our results suggest that interseismic strain accumulation at the Montello and the Bassano-Valdobbiadene thrusts are significantly contributing to the measured uplift. The seismogenic potential of the Montello thrust turns out to be smaller than that of the Bassano-Valdobbiadene fault, whose estimated parameters (LD = 9.1 km and slip-rate = 2.1 mm/a) indicate a structure capable of potentially generating a Mw > 6.5 earthquake. These results demonstrate the importance of precise vertical ground velocity data for modeling interseismic strain accumulation in slowly deforming regions, where often seismological and geomorphological evidence of active tectonics is scarce or not conclusive.

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Interseismic crustal deformation of frontal thrust fault system in the Chiayi–Tainan area, Taiwan

Cited by 9 publications

References 25 publications

Structural complexities in a foreland thrust belt inherited from the shelf-slope transition: Insights from the Alishan area of Taiwan

Structural complexities in a foreland thrust belt inherited from the shelf-slope transition: Insights from the Alishan area of Taiwan

Pre-seismic strain anomalies and coseismic deformation of Meinong earthquake from continuous GPS

New insights into active tectonics and seismogenic potential of the Italian Southern Alps from vertical geodetic velocities

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