Intersensory redundancy guides attentional selectivity and perceptual learning in infancy.

Bahrick, Lorraine E.; Lickliter, Robert

doi:10.1037/0012-1649.36.2.190

Cited by 458 publications

(565 citation statements)

References 44 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

504

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…For example, the greater amount of information provided through multisensory stimulation could increase infants' general arousal and provide them with more information through which to compare numerical values. To discount this hypothesis, prior studies asking whether intersensory redundancy enhances cognitive, perceptual, and even social development have run control conditions in which asynchronous or non-redundant multisensory information is presented to the infant (i.e., Bahrick and Lickliter, 2000;Flom and Bahrick, 2007;Lickliter et al, 2002Lickliter et al, , 2004. In all such situations, infants fail to discriminate the property being tested unless it is synchronously and redundantly specified across multiple modalities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Five-month-old infants habituated to a multisensory rhythm were shown to discriminate a novel rhythm, while infants habituated to a unisensory rhythm were unable to do so (Bahrick and Lickliter, 2000). Similarly, three-month-old infants can differentiate between variants of tempo following bimodal but not unimodal habituation (Bahrick, Flom, and Lickliter, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When given information that is redundant across multiple senses, nonhuman animals and humans tested on a wide variety of non-numerical dimensions have been shown to improve in accuracy and/or reaction time, relative to performance with unisensory stimuli (e.g., Bahrick and Lickliter, 2000;Gogate and Bahrick, 1998;Lewkowicz and Kraebel, 2004;Lickliter et al, 2002;Lovelace et al, 2003;Mellon et al, 1991;Meredith and Stein, 1983). For example, multimodal cues occurring together in time and space enhance responses of multisensory neurons in the superior colliculus of cats to a level above the responses evoked by unisensory cues; multisensory cues also produce behaviorally evident increases in cats' effectiveness at detecting, orienting towards, and approaching the cue as compared with responses to unimodal sensory cues (e.g., Meredith and Stein, 1983;Stein, Huneycutt, and Meredith, 1988).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Intersensory redundancy accelerates preverbal numerical competence

2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Intersensory redundancy can facilitate animal and human behavior in areas as diverse as rhythm discrimination, signal detection, orienting responses, maternal call learning, and associative learning. In the realm of numerical development, infants show similar sensitivity to numerical differences in both the visual and auditory modalities. Using a habituation-dishabituation paradigm, we ask here whether providing redundant, multisensory numerical information allows six-month-old infants to make more precise numerical discriminations. Results indicate that perceptually redundant information improved preverbal numerical precision to a level of discrimination previously thought attainable only after additional months of development. Multimodal stimuli may thus boost abstract cognitive abilities such as numerical competence.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Intersensory redundancy accelerates preverbal numerical competence

2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It should be noted that the present study was not primarily intended as a rigorous test of competing theories (e.g., Bahrick & Lickliter, 2000, 2002Rescorla & Durlach, 1981). It is clear that there are more definitive tests of a perceptual configuration theory than postconditioning extinction of one of the nominal components of the compound.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contextual fear conditioning differs for infant, adolescent, and adult rats

Esmoris-Arranz¹,

Méndez²,

Spear³

2008

Behavioural Processes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Contextual fear conditioning was tested in infant, adolescent, and adult rats in terms of Pavlovian conditioned suppression. When a discrete auditory conditioned stimulus (CS) was paired with footshock (unconditioned stimulus, US) within the largely olfactory context, infants and adolescents conditioned to the context with substantial effectiveness but adult rats did not. When unpaired presentations of the CS and US occurred within the context, contextual fear conditioning was strong for adults, weak for infants, but about as strong for adolescents as when pairings of CS and US occurred in the context. Nonreinforced presentations of either the CS or context markedly reduced contextual fear conditioning in infants, but, in adolescents, CS extinction had no effect on contextual fear conditioning, although context extinction significantly reduced it. Neither CS extinction nor context extinction affected responding to the CS-context compound in infants, suggesting striking discrimination between the compound and its components. Female adolescents showed the same lack of effect of component extinction on response to the compound as infants, but CS extinction reduced responding to the compound in adolescent males, a sex difference seen also in adults. Theoretical implications are discussed for the development of perceptual-cognitive processing and hippocampus role. Keywordscontextual fear conditioning; fear extinction; learning; olfactory context; hippocampus; ontogeny Contextual fear conditioning has received a lot of attention from behavioral neuroscientists during the last decade (e.g., Anagnostaras, Gale, & Fanselow, 2001;Fanselow & Poulos, 2004;Phillips & LeDoux, 1992). The purpose of this report is to assess the effectiveness of contextual fear conditioning experiments by rats at each of three disparate periods of ontogeny: late infancy, adolescence and early adulthood. The ontogeny of contextual fear conditioning is of interest because --in relation to conditioning of other events within the context--it can Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. provide a window to the ontogeny of encoding and memory organization (e.g., Brasser & Spear, 2004;Lariviere, Chen, & Spear, 1990), and because it has been used as a marker for the development of brain function important for memory (e.g., Pugh & Rudy, 1996;Rudy & Morledge, 1994). NIH Public AccessSeveral experiments led to the conclusion that acquisition of an aversion to a particular context paired with footshock is less effective in rats during late infancy (postnatal days 17-20, P17-20) than in weaned juvenile ...

show abstract

“…It is now common to argue that spatial properties of the environment (e.g., shape and place) number among a range of "amodal" sensations which are specified in a redundant manner across modalities (e.g., Bahrick & Lickliter, 2000;Gibson, 1969;Walker-Andrews, 1994). Developmental scientists have been by no means idle when it comes to addressing the question of how infants and young children develop in their ability to perceive such aspects of the multisensory environment (for a recent review see Bahrick & Lickliter, 2012;although note that there is some disagreement concerning what counts as an amodal property, Lewkowicz & Kraebel, 2004).…”

Section: Visual-tactile Co-location In Infantsmentioning

confidence: 99%