Interspecies transmission of SARS CoV-2 with special emphasis on viral mutations and ACE-2 receptor homology roles

Hamdy, Mervat E.; Deeb, Ayman H. El; Hagag, Naglaa M.; Shahein, Momtaz A.; Alaidi, Osama; Hussein, Hussein A.

doi:10.1080/23144599.2023.2222981

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 258 publications

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“…The availability of a highly sensitive and specific diagnostic assay is indispensable for the identification of cases, efficient contact tracing, and the diagnosis of suspected SARS-CoV-2 infections. Our findings indicate that in respiratory samples, shedding endured for approximately 18-20 days, with the highest shedding levels occurring in the respiratory specimens of positive cases around 10 to 14 days after the onset of symptoms [29][30][31][32][33][34][35]. These insights have significant implications for public health strategies aimed at curbing the spread of the virus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Genetic Analysis and Epidemiological Impact of SARS-CoV-2: A Multinational Study of 1000 Samples Using RT-PCR

Banser,

Abduljaleel,

Alzabeedi

et al. 2024

Applied Microbiology

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The ongoing global public health challenge posed by the COVID-19 pandemic necessitates continuous research and surveillance efforts. In this study, we comprehensively analyzed over 1000 COVID-19 RT-PCR tests conducted on a cohort of 1200 patients in Saudi Arabia. Our primary goal was to investigate mutations in specific genes RdRp, N, and E different infection and recovery stages in Saudi patients with SARS-CoV-2. We also extended our analysis to include patients of various nationalities residing in Saudi Arabia, with the overarching objective of assessing these genes as markers for COVID-19 presence and progression. To diagnose and investigate potential genetic variations in COVID-19, we engaged RT-PCR. Our study primarily focused on detecting mutations in the RdRp, N, and E genes in Saudi patients with SARS-CoV-2, as well as individuals from various national residing in Saudi Arabia. This molecular technique provided valuable insights into the virus’s genetic makeup during infection and recovery. In our analysis of 671 positive COVID-19 cases, diverse gene involvement patterns were observed. Specifically, 55.91% had mutations in all three genes (RdRp, N, and E), 62.33% in both N and E genes, and 67.16% in RdRp and N genes. Additionally, 30.75% exhibited mutations exclusively in the RdRp gene, and 51.58% had mutations in the N gene. The N gene, in particular, showed high sensitivity as a marker for identifying active viral circulation. Regarding the temporal dynamics of the disease, the median duration between a positive and a subsequent negative COVID-19 RT-PCR test result was approximately 33.86 days for 44% of cases, 14.31 days for 30%, and 22.67 days for 4%. The insights from this study hold significant implications for managing COVID-19 patients during the ongoing pandemic. The N gene shows promise as a marker for detecting active viral circulation, potentially improving patient care and containment strategies. Establishing a defined positive threshold for diagnostic methods and correlating it with a low risk of infection remains a challenge. Further research is needed to address these complexities and enhance our understanding of COVID-19 epidemiology and diagnostics.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Genetic Analysis and Epidemiological Impact of SARS-CoV-2: A Multinational Study of 1000 Samples Using RT-PCR

Banser,

Abduljaleel,

Alzabeedi

et al. 2024

Applied Microbiology

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“…It may be due to the geographical location and climatic factors of this island. Respiratory viruses like Influenza A virus and SARS-CoV-2 has a potency of transmission from animal to humans or human to animals [ 30 ]. Since Car Nicobar Island is a tribal reserve, only people of the Nicobarese tribe are allowed to enter.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal distribution and upsurge of respiratory viruses among indigenous tribes with ILI and SARI in a far-flung Car Nicobar Island

Muruganandam,

Vipat,

Jadhav

et al. 2024

BMC Infect Dis

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Background Respiratory viral illnesses among children are a prominent cause of morbidity and mortality in the developing world. The aim of this study is to understand the seasonal pattern and surge of respiratory viruses among the Nicobarese tribe. Methods Respiratory specimens were collected from both ARI and SARI cases attended the BJR district hospital in Car Nicobar Island, India, between 2021 and 2022. Respiratory viruses were identified from the specimens by using the qRT-PCR assay. Meteorological parameters were collected and evaluated using Microsoft Excel and SPSS 21. The significant association between the surge of respiratory viruses and each climatic parameter was evaluated. Results In this hospital-based cross-sectional study, 471 ILI cases were enrolled, and 209 of these were positive for respiratory viral infections. Of these respiratory virus infections, 201 (96.2%) were infected with a single respiratory virus infection, and 8 (3.8%) had mixed viral infections. Fever, cough, and chills were the most common symptoms of respiratory illness among this indigenous population. There was a significant link between respiratory viruses and influenza-like illness in children (below 5 years and 6 to 15 years). Conclusion This prevalence study revealed that viral respiratory infections were more common in children than adults. Among these respiratory viruses, respiratory syncytial virus A (RSV) and influenza B virus were predominantly reported among tribal children up to age five years. In the year 2021, these viruses were recorded frequently during the winter season. Climate factors such as high humidity, high precipitation, moderate temperature, and moderate rainfall are found to be correlated with respiratory viral infections. This study implicates important information for preventing a further outbreak of respiratory viral infections in Car Nicobar Island.

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“…An increasing number of mammals are infected with the new coronavirus, indicating the risk of cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 may lead to the evolution of new hosts and further spread of the virus [ 7 ]. This poses a serious threat to global public health and biodiversity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis the molecular similarity of least common amino acid sites in ACE2 receptor to predict the potential susceptible species for SARS-CoV-2

Hu,

Villalan,

Fan

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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SARS-CoV-2 infections in animals have been reported globally. However, the understanding of the complete spectrum of animals susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 remains limited. The virus’s dynamic nature and its potential to infect a wide range of animals are crucial considerations for a One Health approach that integrates both human and animal health. This study introduces a bioinformatic approach to predict potential susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 in both domestic and wild animals. By examining genomic sequencing, we establish phylogenetic relationships between the virus and its potential hosts. We focus on the interaction between the SARS-CoV-2 genome sequence and specific regions of the host species’ ACE2 receptor. We analyzed and compared ACE2 receptor sequences from 29 species known to be infected, selecting 10 least common amino acid sites (LCAS) from key binding domains based on similarity patterns. Our analysis included 49 species across primates, carnivores, rodents, and artiodactyls, revealing complete consistency in the LCAS and identifying them as potentially susceptible. We employed the LCAS similarity pattern to predict the likelihood of SARS-CoV-2 infection in unexamined species. This method serves as a valuable screening tool for assessing infection risks in domestic and wild animals, aiding in the prevention of disease outbreaks.

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Interspecies transmission of SARS CoV-2 with special emphasis on viral mutations and ACE-2 receptor homology roles

Cited by 7 publications

References 258 publications

Genetic Analysis and Epidemiological Impact of SARS-CoV-2: A Multinational Study of 1000 Samples Using RT-PCR

Genetic Analysis and Epidemiological Impact of SARS-CoV-2: A Multinational Study of 1000 Samples Using RT-PCR

Seasonal distribution and upsurge of respiratory viruses among indigenous tribes with ILI and SARI in a far-flung Car Nicobar Island

Analysis the molecular similarity of least common amino acid sites in ACE2 receptor to predict the potential susceptible species for SARS-CoV-2

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