Interspecific extrinsic and intrinsic competitive interactions in egg parasitoids

Cusumano, Antonino; Peri, Ezio; Vinson, S. Bradleigh; Colazza, Stefano

doi:10.1007/s10526-012-9451-5

Cited by 60 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…The variability in reproductive success may be related to inadequate proportions of female parasitoids per host, which reduced oviposition and toxin injections necessary to reduce the immune response of the host (Andrade et al 2010;Cusumano et al 2010;Harvey et al 2013). In contrast, the parasitism and emergence ratios of P. elaeisis from B. mori pupae were similar with different densities of this parasitoid, suggesting that B. mori did not present nutritional or physiological barriers for the development of P. elaeisis .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trichogramma pretiosum (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) Parasitism of Trichoplusia ni (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Eggs Under Different Temperatures

Altoé

Pratissoli

Carvalho

et al. 2012

Annals of the Entomological Society of America

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A study of the biological characteristics and thermal requirements of the parasitoid Trichogramma pretiosum Riley, 1879 (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) on eggs of Trichoplusia ni (Hübner, 1802) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) at several different temperatures was performed in this work. Eggs of T. ni were exposed to T. pretiosum strain Tspd parasitism for 5 hr and then transferred to environmentally controlled growth chambers set at the temperatures of 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, and 33 ± 1°C. The duration of the T. pretiosum egg-to-adult period was affected by temperature, varying from 6 to 18 d over the range of the studied temperatures. The number of individuals emerged per egg and the sex ratio also were affected by temperature variations, but regression analysis did not find correlation between the increase of temperature and the observed variation of these biological parameters. Similarly, parasitism viability (percentage) was influenced by temperature variation, but always exceeded 80% at all tested temperatures. The thermal lower limit of development (Tbase) and the thermal constant (K) for T. pretiosum were 11.84°C and 128.37 DD, respectively. These results here reported indicate that T. pretiosum was impacted by the temperature, however, this parasitoid had a satisfactory performance on T. ni eggs at all studied temperature (from 18 to 33°C), showing potential to be used successfully as a biological control agent of this pest in different regions that fit in this tested temperature range. Also, the rearing temperature of this parasitoid might be changed from 18 to 33°C, according to commercial demands for accelerating or retarding mass production for field releases without damages to the parasitoid development.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trichogramma pretiosum (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) Parasitism of Trichoplusia ni (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Eggs Under Different Temperatures

Altoé

Pratissoli

Carvalho

et al. 2012

Annals of the Entomological Society of America

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“…In contrast, first instars of O. pityocampae have minute mandibles and remain attached to their respiratory stalks within the host egg, which limits their mobility (Masutti et al 1993), although some Ooencyrtus species have been shown to inject substances during oviposition that can physiologically suppress the development of subsequent competitors (Cusumano et al, 2012b). However, the egg incubation period of Our results suggest that T. agriope is the superior extrinsic competitor, in terms of attacking hosts, whereas O. pityocampae is, on average, the superior intrinsic competitor, in terms of larval competition within the host (sensu Cusumano et al 2012a). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…This is not unusual for egg parasitoids that have little dependence on living host physiology (Grenier 1994 Alternatively, the host eggs killed in these experiments may represent examples of multiparasitized hosts in which mutual elimination of parasitoid larvae occurred. Even though intrinsic competition and facultative hyperparasitism are distinct ecological phenomena, they are both critically dependent on the time between ovipositions and often result in the death of the host and both competitors (Cusumano et al 2012a). First instar larvae of T. agriope possess adaptations for the elimination of other larvae, including a ring of thoracic hairs used to propel them through the host ooplasm in search of competitors, and large sickle-shaped mandibles well suited for combat (Hashemi Rad 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multiparasitism of stink bug eggs: competitive interactions between Ooencyrtus pityocampae and Trissolcus agriope

et al. 2014

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Females of Trissolcus agriope (Platygastridae) avoid host (Brachynema signatum) eggs parasitized by conspecifics or Ooencyrtus pityocampae (Encyrtidae), but females of the latter species will superparasitize and multiparasitize, although they mostly attack unparasitized eggs. Females of T. agriope were more efficient in the laboratory and parasitized more hosts in 24 and 48 h. In multiparasitized hosts, O. pityocampae was a superior larval competitor and could complete also development as a facultative hyperparasitoid. When females of both species foraged together, T. agriope parasitized significantly more than O. pityocampae, about 50%in both cases, although O. pityocampae almost doubled its parasitism rate as the exposure period was lengthened from 24 h to 48 h. When O. pityocampae followed T. agriope in sequential foraging bouts, the former species successfully parasitized more hosts than the latter. The advisability of co-releases of both species to improve biological control of first generation B. signatum in Iranian pistachio orchards is discussed.

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“…Some researchers focused only on a subset of parasitoids (i.e. egg parasitoids) (Cusumano et al 2012). However, there are very few studies related to the development time of surviving parasitoids in a multiparasitized host (Harvey et al 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interspecific competition between Anagyrus pseudococci and Leptomastix dactylopii, parasitoids of the vine mealybug Planococcus ficus

Muştu

Kılınçer

2015

BioControl

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Interspecific competition among parasitoids plays a key role in the population dynamics of insect pests and may affect the outcome of biological control programs. The aim of this study was to examine competition between two parasitoids, Anagyrus pseudococci (Girault) and Leptomastix dactylopii Howard (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), of the vine mealybug Planococcus ficus (Signoret) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) under laboratory conditions. The mealybug was parasitized by both parasitoid species at the same time (within 2 h) or sequentially at 24, 48 or 72 h intervals. When mealybug were parasitized at the same time by both parasitoids, the emergence rate from the host was 68.63 % for L. dactylopii and 31.37 % for A. pseudococci. The emergence rate of females was higher than that for males, but the duration of development of males was shorter than for females in both species. When A. pseudococci had parasitism priority for 24 h, there was no difference between the emergence rates of both parasitoids. When A. pseudococci had parasitism priority for 48 and 72 h, the emergence rates of A.pseudococi were 65 and 77.50 % respectively. Also, the duration of development of A. pseudococci was shorter than that of L. dactylopii for all three time intervals. When L. dactylopii had parasitism priority for 24 and 48 h, there was no difference between the emergence rates of both parasitoids. However, when L. dactylopii had parasitism priority for 72 h, the emergence rate of L. dactylopii was 94.83 %. Only when L. dactylopii had parasitism priority for 48 h, there was a difference between both parasitoids and the duration of development of A. pseudococci was shorter than for L. dactylopii. Consequently, it was found that competition may occur between L. dactylopii and A. pseudococci if they are used together to control P. ficus. Also, it was determined that the A. pseudococci population may be more affected than the L. dactylopii population by this competition.

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Interspecific extrinsic and intrinsic competitive interactions in egg parasitoids

Cited by 60 publications

References 93 publications

Trichogramma pretiosum (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) Parasitism of Trichoplusia ni (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Eggs Under Different Temperatures

Trichogramma pretiosum (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) Parasitism of Trichoplusia ni (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Eggs Under Different Temperatures

Multiparasitism of stink bug eggs: competitive interactions between Ooencyrtus pityocampae and Trissolcus agriope

Interspecific competition between Anagyrus pseudococci and Leptomastix dactylopii, parasitoids of the vine mealybug Planococcus ficus

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