Interspecific hybridisation of cytoplasmic male-sterile rapeseed with Ogura cytoplasm and Brassica rapa var. pekinensis as a method to obtain male-sterile Chinese cabbage inbred lines

Abstract

During 2011-2014, three self-compatible Chinese cabbage inbred lines (Brassica rapa, genome AA 2n = 20) were sexually hybridised with cytoplasmic male-sterile (CMS Ogu-INRA) and fertile lines of rapeseed (Brassica napus var. oleifera, genome AACC 2n = 38). Interspecific F 1 hybrids and their consecutive back-crosses (BCs) toward B. rapa were obtained, and their morphological and commercial characteristics, as well as their ability for generative propagation, were analysed. Cytometric and morphological analyses confirmed the interspecific character of the F 1 hybrids in comparison with B. napus and B. rapa parental lines. All interspecific F 1 hybrids had intermediate morphological characteristics typical of both parental components in the generative and vegetative stages. The F 1 hybrids of CMS B. napus 9 B. rapa were sterile, as were those of fertile B. napus 9 B. rapa. Good seed productivity from CMS B. napus 9 B. rapa and consecutive back-cross 1 (BC 1 )-BC 3 generations with Chinese cabbage as the recurrent parent was obtained. Plants of the BC 1 generation of CMS B. napus 9 B. rapa were sterile and had highly diversified morphological characteristics, both in the vegetative and generative phases. The BC 3 generation of CMS B. rapa was also sterile and more uniform than BC 1 , with good vigour and most of the typical Chinese cabbage agronomic traits. As a result, a collection of Chinese cabbage genotypes having the CMS trait, which is valuable for the breeding of commercial F 1 hybrids, was obtained for the first time in Poland.

The use of genetic, manual and chemical methods to control pollination in vegetable hybrid seed production: a review

“…These improved CMS lines are known as Ogu‐INRA and are widely used to produce hybrids in Brassicaceae (Pelletier and Budar , Kaminski et al. ). Extensive research on Ogura cytoplasm has revealed the molecular basis of male sterility and fertility restoration (Bonhomme et al.…”

“…, Kaminski et al. ). Another source of new CMS lines is protoplast fusion, where recombination between the two parental mitochondrial genomes occurs prior to cytoplasmic segregation in the somatic hybrids (Rambaud et al.…”

“…Besides spontaneously arising CMS, the character has been obtained through wide crosses as a result of intra/interspecific or intergeneric nuclear/cytoplasmic incompatibilities (Hanson and Bentolila 2004, Kubo et al 2011, Kaminski et al 2015. Another source of new CMS lines is protoplast fusion, where recombination between the two parental mitochondrial genomes occurs prior to cytoplasmic segregation in the somatic hybrids (Rambaud et al 1993, Carlsson et al 2007).…”

Wide crossing diversify mitogenomes of rice

“…Natural distant hybridization is the main driving force for species formation [43] and interspecies hybridization usually leads to cytoplasmic male sterility because of species isolation [44][45][46]. The artificial wide crossing is a process to mimic the evolution in nature to select elite descendent with favorable agronomic traits.…”

Test of Interaction in the Analysis of Molecular Variance

“…rapa) and radish (Raphanus sativus L.) and an important oil crop, oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). Hybrid seed production in these crops has been developed worldwide using Ogura male sterile cytoplasm discovered in a Japanese radish (Raphanus sativus L.) and introgressed in B. oleracea by repeated backcrosses (Yamagishi and Bhat, 2014;Kaminski et al, 2016;Sekhon et al, 2018). However, these initial alloplasmic male sterile lines carrying Ogura cytoplasm presented chlorophyll deficiency at low temperatures, underdeveloped nectaries and malformed ovaries and pods which reduced the seed set.…”