Interstellar Dust Analogues: Structure, Survivability and Physical Processes

Abstract

Faculty Name Departamento de Física Molecular IEM-CSIC Doctor in Chemistry Interstellar Dust Analogues: Structure, Survivability and Physical Processes by Germán MOLPECERES Astronomical surveys require of laboratory and theoretical data for its interpretation. Cosmic dust structure is heavily linked with its observed physico chemical properties. In this thesis we have employed dust analogues, either generated in the laboratory or computationally, to study a series of processes with relevance in the physics and chemistry of the interstellar medium. v vi Mis más sinceros agradecimientos a los miembros del tribunal, los doctores Guillermo

Moral dilemmas in food provisioning: Inflation, the claim for ‘just prices’ and for ‘fair wages’

“…As a result, farmers stopped 'subsidizing' with their losses important distributor margins on the grounds that cheap prices 'benefitted consumers'. In October 2022, one of the larger farmers' association (COAG) gladly informed of increased competition for raw milk at the farm gate, 17 but a month later, the president of the national federation of milk industries Federación Nacional de Industrias Lácteas (FeNIL) complained that many industries were being squeezed out by huge energy prices and higher raw milk prices at the farm gate. They argued that the price at origin had increased over 45% while consumer price had only increased 25%, which was putting the industry at risk.…”

“…Cheap milk should not be used by the distribution sector as an attractor of consumers and consumers should pay what it was worth, the argument went. 18 After being vilified for years by milk farmers for consistently paying under-cost, the industry was now asserting its vulnerable position and pointing at distribution and at the supply policy of minimizing consumer prices. In addition, FeNIL launched a legal battle against the food chain Law of 2021 by denouncing that it was impossible to know the basis for calculating production prices.…”