Interstitial elements created via metal 3D printing

Guo, Xiaolei; Huang, Hsien-Lien; Zhu, Menglin; Hariharan, K.; Chien, Szu-Chia; Huynh, Ngan; Hwang, Jinwoo; Windl, Wolfgang; Taylor, Christopher D.; Schindelholz, Eric John; Frankel, G. S.

doi:10.1016/j.mattod.2023.04.020

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…A limited number of studies are available regarding the solubility of nitrogen in solid W, [ 65,66 ] while no information regarding the solubility in liquid W was found in the open literature. In LPBF processing, cooling rates are typically of the order of 10 6 K s −1 , with the solidification velocity of the order of ≈m −1 s. [ 67 ] The maximum solidification velocity is limited to the laser scanning speed, which was ≈0.5 m −1 s in this study. Researchers have equated the local solidification velocity, R loc in LPBF to the maximum solidification velocity R max using the relation R loc = R max · cosα, where α is the angle between the laser scanning direction and the maximum heat flow direction.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Crack‐Free Tungsten Fabricated via Laser Powder Bed Fusion Additive Manufacturing

Ramakrishnan,

Kumar,

Kumar

et al. 2023

Adv Funct Materials

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Additive manufacturing of tungsten (W) is challenging due to its high melting point, high thermal conductivity, oxidation tendency, and brittleness from grain boundary (GB) oxides. In this study, the processing of W through laser powder bed fusion is investigated. Parts are fabricated under argon (Ar) and nitrogen (N2) atmospheres using the same processing parameters. The part produced in Ar has cracks with oxide precipitates decorating the fractured GBs. On the other hand, crack‐free W samples are produced under N2 atmosphere without any additional process modification. In both cases, the oxygen (O) content in the LPBF samples is similar to the starting powder. Interestingly, the analysis of the samples fabricated in nitrogen suggests that nitrogen is retained beyond the equilibrium solid solubility limit, while high‐resolution electron micrographs of fractured surfaces reveal reduced levels of oxides at GBs. Increased hardness for samples processed under N2 atmosphere is observed. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations performed to study the influence of interstitial nitrogen on oxygen diffusion in W indicated a hindrance to O diffusion from the presence of dissolved N.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar results have been reported in the LPBF processing of steel under the N 2 build atmosphere. [ 67,68 ]…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crack‐Free Tungsten Fabricated via Laser Powder Bed Fusion Additive Manufacturing

Ramakrishnan,

Kumar,

Kumar

et al. 2023

Adv Funct Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Thus, it is definitely the most promising solution to utilize the equipment and materials available on-site for the preparation of the required supplies and tools. 3D printing technology also known as additive manufacturing (AM) technology, which has a wide range of applications in the medical, , aerospace, , and construction fields , by using metal powders, , ceramics, , or polymers , (perfectly suitable for the wide materials selections of TENG) to prepare simple or complex parts by combining the advantages of standardized and customized production to produce parts with high strength, lightweight, and outstanding mechanical properties. − Through the innovative prowess of 3D printing, astronauts are bestowed with the power to manufacture essential components, equipment, and replacements in real time, precisely tailored to the unique demands of each mission. − The remarkable ability eliminates the need for reliance on earth supply, thus streamlining logistics and significantly elevating mission sustainability and reliability. Additionally, 3D printing technology obviates the necessity to premanufacture and package large quantities of equipment instead of manufacturing what is needed on demand in real time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%