Interval training program optimization in highly trained endurance cyclists

Laursen, Paul B.; Shing, Cecilia M.; Peake, Jonathan M.; Coombes, Jeff S.; Jenkins, David G.

doi:10.1097/00005768-200211000-00017

Cited by 197 publications

(218 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In runners, HIT has been associated with ~3% improvements in 5-km 20 and 10-km 21 running times in middleand long-distance runners. A study investigating the effects of various HIT methods in highly trained cyclists 22 reported 40-km time-trial improvements of between 4.4% to 5.8% following 4 weeks of similar HIT protocols. For rowers, previous research has indicated that TT performance enhancement is associated with improvements in Vo 2peak values, peak power output, and power achieved at 4 mmol·L −1 lactate threshold, 23 all of which improved in response to HIT in the current study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training in Well-Trained Rowers

Driller¹,

Fell²,

Gregory³

et al. 2009

International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance

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Purpose: Several recent studies have reported substantial performance and physiological gains in well-trained endurance runners, swimmers, and cyclists following a period of high-intensity interval training (HIT). The aim of the current study was to compare traditional rowing training (CT) to HIT in well-trained rowers. Methods: Subjects included 5 male and 5 female rowers (mean ± SD; age = 19 ± 2 y; height = 176 ± 8 cm; mass = 73.7 ± 9.8 kg; Vo 2peak = 4.37 ± 1.08 L·min −1 ). Baseline testing included a 2000-m time trial and a maximal exercise test to determine Vo 2peak , 4-min all-out power, and 4 mmol·L −1 blood lactate threshold. Following baseline testing, rowers were randomly allocated to HIT or CT, which they performed seven times over a 4-wk period. The HIT involved 8  2.5-min intervals at 90% of the velocity maintained at Vo 2peak , with individual recoveries returning to 70% of the subjects' maximal heart rate between intervals. The CT intensity consisted of workloads corresponding to 2 and 3 mmol·L −1 blood lactate concentrations. On completion of HIT or CT, rowers repeated the testing performed at baseline and were then allocated to the alternative training program and completed a crossover trial. Results: HIT produced greater improvements in 2000-m time (1.9 ± 0.9%; mean ± SD), 2000-m power (5.8 ± 3.0%), and relative Vo 2peak (7.0 ± 6.4%) than CT. Conclusion: Four weeks of HIT improves 2000-m time-trial performance and relative Vo 2peak in competitive rowers, more than a traditional approach.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training in Well-Trained Rowers

Driller¹,

Fell²,

Gregory³

et al. 2009

International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance

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“…The overall small changes in this variable are likely because short-term HIT stimuli are more effective in inducing central cardiovascular adaptations (13). However, the DEC group improved by~4%.…”

Section: Performance and Physiological Adaptationsmentioning

confidence: 95%

The Effect of Different High-Intensity Periodization Models on Endurance Adaptations

Sylta

Tønnessen

Hammarström

et al. 2016

Medicine &Amp; Science in Sports &Amp; Exercise

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. Purpose: This study aimed to compare the effects of three different high-intensity training (HIT) models, balanced for total load but differing in training plan progression, on endurance adaptations. Methods: Sixty-three cyclists (peak oxygen uptake (V O 2peak ) 61.3 T 5.8 mLIkg j1 Imin j1 ) were randomized to three training groups and instructed to follow a 12-wk training program consisting of 24 interval sessions, a high volume of low-intensity training, and laboratory testing. The increasing HIT group (n = 23) performed interval training as 4 Â 16 min in weeks 1-4, 4 Â 8 min in weeks 5-8, and 4 Â 4 min in weeks 9-12. The decreasing HIT group (n = 20) performed interval sessions in the opposite mesocycle order as the increasing HIT group, and the mixed HIT group (n = 20) performed the interval prescriptions in a mixed distribution in all mesocycles. Interval sessions were prescribed as maximal session efforts and executed at mean values 4.7, 9.2, and 12.7 mmolIL j1 blood lactate in 4 Â 16-, 4 Â 8-, and 4 Â 4-min sessions, respectively (P G 0.001). Pre-and postintervention, cyclists were tested for mean power during a 40-min all-out trial, peak power output during incremental testing to exhaustion, V O 2peak , and power at 4 mmolIL j1 lactate. Results: All groups improved 5%-10% in mean power during a 40-min all-out trial, peak power output, and V O 2peak postintervention (P G 0.05), but no adaptation differences emerged among the three training groups (P 9 0.05). Further, an individual response analysis indicated similar likelihood of large, moderate, or nonresponses, respectively, in response to each training group (P 9 0.05). Conclusions: This study suggests that organizing different interval sessions in a specific periodized mesocycle order or in a mixed distribution during a 12-wk training period has little or no effect on training adaptation when the overall training load is the same.

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“…The anaerobic training prescription was based on data obtained in the initial evaluation (Wingate anaerobic power test) (17), using "interval training" methods (18)(19)(20), at a frequency of three times a week, for a duration of 40 min in the first month, 50 min in the second month, and 60 min in the third month. The interval work took the form of ergometric cycle series with a load equivalent to 25 watts x 0.8% of the volunteer's weight, for 30 s, with an interval for active recovery (walking) of 3 min between series.…”

Section: Trainingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of type of physical exercise and leisure activities on the depression scores of obese Brazilian adolescent girls

Stella

Vilar

Lacroix

et al. 2005

Braz J Med Biol Res

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Several studies have indicated that depressive states may lead to hypokinesia with diminished metabolic rate and energy use. Hypokinesia associated with certain eating behaviors may lead to an unfavorable energy balance that can contribute to the emergence and prevalence of obesity among children and adults. The purpose of the present study was to examine the possibility of reducing depression inventory scores in female adolescents with third-degree obesity while testing the effectiveness of different exercise programs in reducing anxiety and depression scores. The sample consisted of 40 female subjects (mean age 16 ± 1.56 years) divided into 4 groups (aerobic training, anaerobic training, leisure activities, and control). Subjects had a body mass index of 95% or more in relation to the 50th percentile. The aerobic program consisted of three ergometric bicycle sessions per week over a 3-month period (12 weeks) and the activities were prescribed after determining the anaerobic ventilatory threshold (VO 2 threshold). Anaerobic training was based on the Wingate anaerobic power test. The leisure program consisted of a varied range of activities (games, exercises, etc.). A nutritionist interviewed the members of these two groups and the control group every week in order to adapt them to the nutritional guidelines proposed for the study. The study showed that all three programs (aerobic exercise, anaerobic exercise and leisure activities) were effective in reducing body mass. However, we found a significant reduction when analyzing the depression scores only for aerobic exercise (18.9 ± 9.33 to 10.6 ± 9.56 or 43.9%) but no significant alterations for anaerobic exercise (11.36 ± 5.23 to 9.63 ± 4.78 or 15.22%) and leisure (17.28 ± 7.55 to 15.07 ± 7.54 or 12.78%), thus indicating that in principle this type of activity could be included to improve emotional well-being of obese adolescent girls. Correspondence

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Interval training program optimization in highly trained endurance cyclists

Cited by 197 publications

References 26 publications

The Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training in Well-Trained Rowers

The Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training in Well-Trained Rowers

The Effect of Different High-Intensity Periodization Models on Endurance Adaptations

Effects of type of physical exercise and leisure activities on the depression scores of obese Brazilian adolescent girls

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