Intervention for medical students: Effective infection control

Calabro, Karen Sue; Weltge, Arlo; Parnell, Susan; Kouzekanani, Kamiar; Ramirez, Elda G.

doi:10.1016/s0196-6553(98)70041-0

Cited by 35 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Apparently, by giving a lecture on hazard and prevention of NSIs/SIs and by handing out a brochure with prevention guidelines in it the incidence of injuries could be significantly decreased and the NSIs/SIs reporting rate could be raised. The effectiveness of the educational intervention for students was consistent with other studies 12,23,24) . The intervention was effective for the nursing students.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…For various reasons, including cost, monitoring, and regulation, except for educational programs, most of these interventions are not feasible or easily implemented. Some studies have shown that NSIs/SIs can be effectively curbed by educating healthcare workers or medical students on injury hazard and prevention measures against NSIs/SIs 8, [11][12][13] . Those studies, however, have not specifically investigated NSIs/SIs among nursing students.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effectiveness of a Training Program on Reducing Needlestick Injuries/Sharp Object Injuries among Soon Graduate Vocational Nursing School Students in Southern Taiwan

Yang

Liou

Chen

et al. 2007

Journal of Occupational Health

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The Effectiveness of a Training Program on Reducing Needlestick Injuries/Sharp Object Injuries among Soon Graduate Vocational NursingSchool Students in Southern Taiwan: Ya-Hui YANG, et al. Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan-Needlestick/ sharp injuries (NSIs/SIs) are a serious threat to medical/ nursing students in hospital internships. Education for preventing NSIs/SIs is important for healthcare workers but is rarely conducted and evaluated among vocational school nursing students. We conducted an educational intervention for such students after their internship rotations before graduation. This program consisted of a lecture to the students after the internship training and a self-study brochure for them to study before their graduation. This study used the pre-test questionnaires completed by all students and the post-test questionnaires completed by 107 graduates after work experience as licensed nurses to assess the effectiveness of the intervention. After educational intervention, the incidence of NSIs/SIs decreased significantly from 50.5% pre-test to 25.2% post-test, and the report rate increased from 37.0% to 55.6%, respectively. In conclusion, this intervention significantly reduced the incidence of NSIs/SIs and increased the report rate of such events. (J Occup Health 2007; 49: 424-429)

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effectiveness of a Training Program on Reducing Needlestick Injuries/Sharp Object Injuries among Soon Graduate Vocational Nursing School Students in Southern Taiwan

Yang

Liou

Chen

et al. 2007

Journal of Occupational Health

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“…This approach has proven to be effective and is recommended. 29 McCarthy et al have emphasized that orthopedic trauma surgeons need to improve their compliance with infection control recommendations. 30 Further efforts by the individuals and their institutions are warranted.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis C: Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Among Orthopedic Trainee Surgeons in Pakistan

et al. 2000

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Hepatitis C virus (HCV), the major causative agent of non-A and non-B hepatitis, poses a serious worldwide health problem. An estimated 100 million individuals worldwide are chronically infected with HCV. High prevalence rates have been found in Southeast Asian countries, such as Thailand, Malaysia and India.1-3 Hepatitis C is the most common chronic blood-borne infection in the U.S. 4 In Pakistan, the seroprevalence of HCV is 6.7% in women and 1.3% in children. Hepatitis C accounts for approximately 20% of cases of acute hepatitis, 70% of chronic hepatitis and 30% of end-stage liver disease in the U.S. 6The hepatitis C virus is a single-stranded RNA virus of the Flaviviridae family. Individual isolates consist of a closely related yet heterogeneous population of viral genomes (quasispecies). Probably as a consequence of this genetic diversity, HCV has the ability to escape the host's immune surveillance, leading to a high rate of chronic infection. The extensive genetic heterogeneity of HCV has important diagnostic and clinical implications, perhaps explaining the variation in clinical course, difficulties in vaccine development, and lack of response to therapy. 7HCV is generally transmitted by the parenteral route. It is also transmitted by needle-stick injuries, sexual contact, and vertically from mother to fetus.8 Hepatitis C exposure and antibody positivity rates among injection drug users have been reported to be higher than 50% compared to 10% in the same general population.9-12 Other known risk factors include ear piercing, acupuncture, tattoos, and cultural procedures involving blood contact. 13-15The use of inadequately sterilized undisposable medical materials, e.g., needles and scalpels, has also been shown to transmit HCV. 16There is some evidence of occupational and nosocomial transmission of HCV infection. Inadvertent needlestick injuries and lack of application of universal precautions may be contributing factors.15 About 80% of HCVpositive surgical operation room personnel in a hospital in Pakistan had more than four needle-stick injuries per year in five years. 17 In one Pakistani community, HCV seroprevalence was 6.5%, and individuals who received more therapeutic injections were found to be at a higher risk of infection. 18Data on the natural history of HCV is limited because the onset of infection is often unrecognized, and the early course of disease is indolent and protracted in most individuals.19 Approximately 60%-70% of HCV patients have no discernable symptoms, 20%-30% may have jaundice, and 10%-20% may have nonspecific symptoms (e.g., anorexia, malaise, or abdominal pain). About 75%-85% go on to develop chronic hepatitis. Research indicates that 10%-20% of chronically infected individuals are likely to develop cirrhosis over a period of 20-30 years, while 1%-5% may go on to develop hepatocellular carcinoma. Reports from Pakistan show that 22%-33% of biopsy-proven cases of hepatocellular carcinoma had HCV infection. 20,21The volume of epidemiological data concerning hepatitis C is smal...

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“…Chan et al (2002) found deficit in knowledge of the basic principles of SPs among 306 nurses in Hong Kong. In response to the statement “Universal [standard] precautions should be applied to all persons regardless of their infectious status,” 75.5% of the participants responded “True.” To the question “Universal precautions are applicable to patients with HIV and HBV only,” 84.6% replied “False.” Many investigators have reported the contribution of training and education to knowledge (Calabro, Weltge, Parnell, Kouzekanani, & Ramirez, 1998; Creedon, 2005) and compliance with hand hygiene and SPs (Creedon, 2005; Cromer et al, 2004; Huang et al, 2002). They have generaly reported effects that are temporary and require constant reinforcement.…”

Section: Perceived Knowledge Of Infection Control Bbps and Standardmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceived Knowledge of Blood‐Borne Pathogens and Avoidance of Contact With Infected Patients

Kagan

Ovadia

Kaneti

2009

J of Nursing Scholarship

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Intervention for medical students: Effective infection control

Cited by 35 publications

References 13 publications

The Effectiveness of a Training Program on Reducing Needlestick Injuries/Sharp Object Injuries among Soon Graduate Vocational Nursing School Students in Southern Taiwan

The Effectiveness of a Training Program on Reducing Needlestick Injuries/Sharp Object Injuries among Soon Graduate Vocational Nursing School Students in Southern Taiwan

Hepatitis C: Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Among Orthopedic Trainee Surgeons in Pakistan

Perceived Knowledge of Blood‐Borne Pathogens and Avoidance of Contact With Infected Patients

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