Intervention to reduce the incidence of surgical site infection in spine surgery

Abstract

Background: This study examines the incidence, characteristics, and risk factors of surgical site infections (SSIs) after spine surgery and evaluates the efficacy of a preventive intervention. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental pretest/posttest study in patients undergoing spinal surgery in an orthopedic surgery department from December 2014 to November 2016. Based on the results of the study, we revised the preventive protocol with modification of wound dressing, staff training, and feedback. SSI rates were compared between the pre-intervention (December 2014 to November 2015) and post-intervention (December 2015 to November 2016) periods. The risk factors were analyzed using univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: Of the 139 patients included, 14 cases of SSI were diagnosed, with a significant decrease in the incidence of SSIs from the pre-intervention period to the post-intervention period (19.4% vs 2.6%; P = .001). The etiology was known in 13 cases, with enteric flora being predominant in the pre-intervention group. Univariate analysis showed that age, body mass index, days until sitting and ambulation, and incontinence were statistically significant risk factors. After multivariate analysis, only body mass index and days until ambulation remained significant. When the effect of intervention was adjusted with other risk factors, this variable remained statistically significant. Conclusions: An intervention that includes modification of wound dressing and early mobilization, as well as staff awareness training, monitoring, and feedback, allowed a significant reduction in the incidence of SSI following spinal surgery, particularly infections caused by enteric flora.

Time-Dependent Displacement of Commensal Skin Microbes by Pathogens at the Site of Colorectal Surgery

“…This is particularly true in the case of clean operations. For example, it is puzzling to see sternotomy or laminectomy incisions infected with intestinal organisms even without violation of the gastrointestinal tract 41,42 . Larger and more comprehensive perioperative studies of the microbiota could begin to answer these questions and, hopefully, improve patient outcomes.…”

Management of Surgical Site Infections in Spine Surgery: A Current Concept Review

“…To reduce the risk associated with obesity, patients should be optimized prior to spine surgery through dietary, physical and sometimes, surgical methods. It may be necessary to give higher doses of prophylactic antibiotics [18]. It is important to involve the dieticians, physiotherapist and psychologists to achieve better outcomes.…”

“…There is enough evidence to prove that diabetes mellitus (DM), when poorly controlled, puts a patient at a great risk of SSIs [4,7,17,18]. This is due to the micro-angiopathic changes associated with DM which reduces blood flow to tissue and thus discourages proper wound healing.…”

The Diagnostic Value of Blood Next-Generation Sequencing in Early Surgical Site Infection After Spine Surgery

“… 19 However, not every infected patient undergoes debridement surgery. 20 For these patients, a lack of intraoperative NGS results might increase the occurrence of misdiagnosis. In addition, intraoperative NGS results could not be used before surgery to aid the determination of whether infection is present or to determine the identities of the infected bacteria.…”