Interventional cytopathology in the COVID‐19 era

Ronchi, Andrea; Pagliuca, Francesca; Marino, Federica Zito; Montella, Marco; Franco, Renato; Cozzolino, Immacolata

doi:10.1111/cyt.12886

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Nevertheless, despite various studies showing that transmission of the virus can occur via the faecal-oral axis ( Ding and Liang, 2020 , Vallejo et al, 2020 ), inadequate evidence is available to confirm this route of transmission ( Vallejo et al, 2020 , Ronchi et al, 2020 ). Moreover, no evidence is available to demonstrate infection via wastewater, which might lead to uncertainty regarding the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater systems ( Cha et al, 2020 , Chin et al, 2020 , Yeo et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Occurrence Of Viruses Worldwide In Wastewatermentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of various viruses and recent evidence of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater systems

Ali

Zhang

et al. 2021

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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Viruses are omnipresent and persistent in wastewater, which poses a risk to human health. In this review, we summarize the different qualitative and quantitative methods for virus analysis in wastewater and systematically discuss the spatial distribution and temporal patterns of various viruses (i.e., enteric viruses, Caliciviridae (Noroviruses (NoVs)), Picornaviridae (Enteroviruses (EVs)), Hepatitis A virus (HAV)), and Adenoviridae (Adenoviruses (AdVs))) in wastewater systems. Then we critically review recent SARS-CoV-2 studies to understand the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic through wastewater surveillance. SARS-CoV-2 genetic material has been detected in wastewater from France, the Netherlands, Australia, Italy, Japan, Spain, Turkey, India, Pakistan, China, and the USA. We then discuss the utility of wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) to estimate the occurrence, distribution, and genetic diversity of these viruses and generate human health risk assessment. Finally, we not only promote the prevention of viral infectious disease transmission through wastewater but also highlight the potential use of WBE as an early warning system for public health assessment.

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Section: Occurrence Of Viruses Worldwide In Wastewatermentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of various viruses and recent evidence of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater systems

Ali

Zhang

et al. 2021

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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“…Maintaining laboratory safety during the SARS‐CoV‐2 (COVID‐19) global pandemic has necessitated development of COVID‐19 safe laboratory practice guidelines and changes to the handling of cytology samples (as issued for example by the World Health Organisation or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). As respiratory tract samples are considered at high risk of being infectious, 55 attendance at ROSE requires the wearing of full personal protective equipment (PPE) within endoscopy suites (including N95 mask), and consideration of alternative ways of working such as minimising staff attending EBUS‐FNA sessions and avoidance of preparing and staining air‐dried slides 56‐60 …”

Section: Specimen Acquisitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technical aspects of the use of cytopathological specimens for diagnosis and predictive testing in malignant epithelial neoplasms of the lung

Maddox

Smart

2021

Cytopathology

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Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide, 1 and for at least 50 years, primary pathological diagnosis has been based on small biopsies and cytopathological specimens. Until approximately 20 years ago, a simple binary categorisation of small cell and non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) was, in most cases, sufficient for diagnosis and treatment.However, recent years have seen a rapidly rising proportion of cases of NSCLC amenable to increasingly targeted therapy, initially based on the differential response to systemic treatment of tumours of squamous or glandular differentiation 2 then on the presence of particular mutations in the EGFR gene. [3][4][5] Subsequently, further "driver mutations" have been identified with an increasing percentage having associated treatments. Finally, there is an expanding therapeutic repertoire of immune checkpoint inhibitors with eligibility determined, at least in part, by the expression of immune modulators such as Programmed Death Ligand-1 (PD-L1). 6 In the USA, it is now mandatory to test for EGFR mutations, ALK and ROS1 translocations, and expression of PD-L1. In addition, it is recommended to test for BRAF and MET mutations and RET and NTRK fusions. 7,8 In the UK, for patients with NSCLC of stage IIIB and above, treatments that target genomic abnormalities in EGFR, ALK, ROS1, and quantified expression of PD-L1 are standard-of-care 9 ; those targeting NTRK fusions are approved under certain circumstances 10,11 and those applied to RET and MET abnormalities are currently being assessed by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. 12,13 Treatments for a wide variety of other genomic abnormalities are being studied in clinical trials [14][15][16] and adjuvant treatments for

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“…Even transportation of cytological samples should be strictly regulated. As a general rule, hand delivery should be preferred over pneumatic tube systems, 23 and the adoption of multiple packaging is recommended 13 . As far as different fixation methods are concerned, alcohol (>70%) and formalin fixation methods are able to destroy the virus, ensuring a higher safety for cytopathology laboratory personnel than air‐drying smears preparation 10 .…”

Section: The Effect Of Covid‐19 On Biosafety Procedures In Cytopatholmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, most non‐urgent elective medical procedures, including those related to cytopathological screening activities, were postponed 8,9 . In this dramatic scenario, it is not surprising that cytopathology activities have also undergone major changes 10‐15 . Here, we briefly review how the COVID‐19 outbreak impacted on cytopathology laboratories in terms of biosafety and diagnostic activities, including molecular cytopathology testing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Juggling the COVID‐19 pandemic: A cytopathology point of view

et al. 2020

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Since its first identification in China at the end of 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 has rapidly spread all over the world, becoming an international healthcare emergency. In the era of coronavirus disease‐2019 (COVID‐19), several aspects of normal life, including those related to the medical activities, have been radically changed. Extraordinary measures have been adopted by different nations to cope with the rapid diffusion of COVID‐19 all over the world. In hospitals, careful attention has been paid to manage infected patients with a possible detrimental effect for patients affected by other diseases. As with other medical fields, cytopathology laboratories have also drastically modified their activities to cope with the COVID‐19 healthcare emergency. Here, the main effects of COVID‐19 pandemic on the routine practice of cytopathology are summarised, focusing on the prioritisation policy adopted by cytopathologists worldwide.

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Interventional cytopathology in the COVID‐19 era

Cited by 9 publications

References 15 publications

Occurrence of various viruses and recent evidence of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater systems

Occurrence of various viruses and recent evidence of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater systems

Technical aspects of the use of cytopathological specimens for diagnosis and predictive testing in malignant epithelial neoplasms of the lung

Juggling the COVID‐19 pandemic: A cytopathology point of view

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