Interventions and Impact of Pharmacist-Delivered Services for People Infected with COVID-19: A Systematic Review

Ahmed, Aziza; Tanveer, Maria; Shrestha, Sunil; Khatiwada, Asmita Priyadarshini; Khanal, Saval; Dujaili, Juman Abdulelah; Paudyal, Vibhu

doi:10.3390/healthcare10091630

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“… 44–47 The beneficial influence of pharmacists has also been proven in emergent situation particularly the recent COVID-19 pandemic where pharmacists undertook additional clinical roles and initiated novel pandemic-driven services. 12 , 48 This proves that pharmacists are capable of expanding their pharmaceutical care activities in emergency situations and supports the efforts for embracing new roles for pharmacists. Hence, it is pivotal to involve the pharmacists in disaster management strategies to harness the full potential of their expertise.…”

Section: Strengths and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 62%

Disaster Preparedness Amongst Emergency Pharmacists for the FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022™: A Cross-Sectional Survey

Isleem¹,

Naseralallah²,

Koraysh³

et al. 2023

RMHP

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The aim of this study is to assess the level of preparedness of pharmacists working in the emergency department at Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC) for any emergency disasters that may take place during the FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022™ by evaluating their awareness (A), attitude (A), and readiness (R). Methods: A cross-sectional quantitative observational study was conducted through a web-based survey. The survey was distributed among emergency pharmacists working in general hospitals under HMC. The questionnaire was composed of three major domains assessing awareness, attitude, readiness, as well as an additional domain to collect the participants' demographics. Student's t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation, and linear regression were used with an alpha level of 0.05. Results: Most pharmacists working in the emergency departments at HMC had high levels of awareness (76.9%), attitude (92%), and readiness (53.8%) for any emergency disasters that may occur during the FIFA World Cup 2022. Nonetheless, almost half of the respondents reported moderate level of readiness for emergency events. Pharmacists with >10 years' practice experience had significantly higher AAR score compared to those with <5 years' experience (P = 0.002). Significant direct positive correlations were found among the 3 AAR parameters (P < 0.05). Attitude was found to be a significant predictor of readiness (P < 0.05). A model composed of attitude and awareness could predict 12% of readiness score. Conclusion: Emergency pharmacists at HMC have high level of preparedness for any emergency disaster event during the World Cup. Future research should focus on the development of theory-based action framework for pharmacy departments during mass gathering events.

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Section: Strengths and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 62%

Disaster Preparedness Amongst Emergency Pharmacists for the FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022™: A Cross-Sectional Survey

Isleem¹,

Naseralallah²,

Koraysh³

et al. 2023

RMHP

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“…This long-standing issue has been extensively discussed in the literature. 69 , 71 – 75 Therefore, our findings suggest that, to some extent, there is progress in characterizing pharmaceutical care interventions in recent years especially that most of the included studies are recent. Yet, describing other kinds of interventions is still lacking.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Interventions and impact of pharmacist-delivered services in perioperative setting on clinically important outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Naseralallah,

Koraysh,

Aboujabal

et al. 2024

Therapeutic Advances in Drug Safety

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Background: The perioperative arena is a unique and challenging environment that requires coordination of the complex processes and involvement of the entire care team. Pharmacists’ scope of practice has been evolving to be patient-centered and to expand to variety of settings including perioperative settings. Objectives: To critically appraise, synthesize, and present the available evidence of the characteristics and impact of pharmacist-led interventions on clinically important outcomes in the perioperative settings. Design: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, and CINAHL from index inception to September 2023. Included studies compared the effectiveness of pharmacist-led interventions on clinically important outcomes (e.g. length of stay, readmission) compared to usual care in perioperative settings. Two independent reviewers extracted the data using the DEPICT-2 (Descriptive Elements of Pharmacist Intervention Characterization Tool) and undertook quality assessment using the Crowe Critical Appraisal (CCAT). A random-effect model was used to estimate the overall effect [odds ratio (OR) for dichotomous and standard mean difference (SMD) for continuous data] with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: Twenty-five studies were eligible, 20 (80%) had uncontrolled study design. Most interventions were multicomponent and continuous over the perioperative period. The intervention components included clinical pharmacy services (e.g. medication management/optimization, medication reconciliation, discharge counseling) and education of healthcare professionals. While some studies provided a minor description in regards to the intervention development and processes, only one study reported a theoretical underpinning to intervention development. Pooled analyses showed a significant impact of pharmacist care compared to usual care on length of stay (11 studies; SMD −0.09; 95% CI −0.49 to −0.15) and all-cause readmissions (8 studies; OR 0.60; 95% CI 0.39–0.91). The majority of included studies ( n = 21; 84%) were of moderate quality. Conclusion: Pharmacist-led interventions are effective at improving clinically important outcomes in the perioperative setting; however, most studies were of moderate quality. Studies lacked the utilization of theory to develop interventions; therefore, it is not clear whether theory-derived interventions are more effective than those without a theoretical element. Future research should prioritize the development and evaluation of multifaceted theory-informed pharmacist interventions that target the whole surgical care pathway.

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“…There is no doubt that topics in these three domains are highly related; to be able to address population needs, it is necessary, first, to recognise the impact of discrimination and social determinants of health in the target population. For example, when looking at the incidence and mortality of COVID-19 among racial and ethnic minorities (Van Dyke et al, 2021), including disparities in the outpatient treatment of COVID-19 (Boehmer et al, 2022) and the impact of mistrust in the healthcare system, low health literacy, and limited transportation services may have impacted timely access to screening, medications, hospital services, and vaccinations (Joynt Maddox et al, 2022;Maness et al, 2021), pharmacists will be able to develop programs and initiatives to address the needs of specific populations during and after the pandemic (Ahmed et al, 2022).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacy faculty perspectives on Cultural Competence education in pharmacy schools

Ekong¹,

Unni²,

Edwards³

et al. 2023

Pharm Educ

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Background: Faculties that teach cultural competence are in a great position to identify training gaps and improve the depth of teaching for pharmacy students. Objective: To assess the perspective of faculty on their perceived confidence and extent of teaching cultural competence (CC) content in the pharmacy curricula. Methods: A cross-sectional study using an adapted version of the Self-assessment of Perceived Level of Cultural Competence (SAPLCC) questionnaire. Data analysis included factor-level and item-level analysis using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Out of the 70 study participants, 77.1% were female and the average age was 47.97 (±10.52). Faculty with prior training reported a higher level of confidence to teach CC content in three areas, “addressing population health needs” (p = 0.007), “ recognising disparity-related discrimination” (p = 0.017), and “recognising social determinants of health” (p = 0.03). The faculty’s years of experience had a positive impact on both the extent of teaching CC and confidence. Conclusion: Study findings indicate a gap to address training needs for faculty development on CC to prepare students for an increasingly diverse patient population.

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Interventions and Impact of Pharmacist-Delivered Services for People Infected with COVID-19: A Systematic Review

Cited by 8 publications

References 66 publications

Disaster Preparedness Amongst Emergency Pharmacists for the FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022™: A Cross-Sectional Survey

Disaster Preparedness Amongst Emergency Pharmacists for the FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022™: A Cross-Sectional Survey

Interventions and impact of pharmacist-delivered services in perioperative setting on clinically important outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Pharmacy faculty perspectives on Cultural Competence education in pharmacy schools

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