Interventions for Alcohol and Drug Use Disorders in Young People: 10 Key Evidence-Based Approaches to Inform Service Delivery

Christie, Grant; Cheetham, Ali; Lubman, Dan I.

doi:10.1007/s40429-020-00336-6

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 118 publications

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“…Together our findings support existing evidence‐based approaches to inform service delivery that are relevant to young people exposed to ARH [28]. It is essential that interventions for ARH in young people be tailored differently compared to adults, such as focusing on engagement, including family in treatment if possible, and addressing co‐occurring mental health and social problems [28]. Therefore, an approach that encompasses government health agencies and health service providers working together with non‐government organisations, carers and families, and agencies across government is required to manage these issues.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…It shows a range of issues influence repeat alcohol harm that involves mental health, AODs across different health services that encompass the social determinants of health. Together our findings support existing evidence‐based approaches to inform service delivery that are relevant to young people exposed to ARH [28]. It is essential that interventions for ARH in young people be tailored differently compared to adults, such as focusing on engagement, including family in treatment if possible, and addressing co‐occurring mental health and social problems [28].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

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Young people with prior health service contacts have increased risk of repeated alcohol‐related harm hospitalisations

Sims

Pereira

Preen

et al. 2022

Drug and Alcohol Review

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Introduction After a first alcohol‐related hospitalisation in youth, subsequent hospitalisations may demonstrate an increased risk of further alcohol‐related hospitalisations, but there is no existing data on this. Methods A retrospective longitudinal study between July 1992 and June 2017 using linked hospital administrative data identified 23 464 Western Australian young people [9009 (38.4%) females and 14 455 (61.6%) males], aged 12–24 years hospitalised for at least one alcohol‐related harm (ARH) episode of care. Cox regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) between risk factors and repeated alcohol‐related hospitalisation after the first discharge for ARH. Results Of those admitted for an alcohol‐related hospitalisation (n = 23 464), 21% (n = 4996) were readmitted for ARH. This high‐risk sub‐group comprised 46% (n = 16 017) of the total alcohol‐related admissions (n = 34 485). After the first discharge for ARH, 16% (804) of people who experienced an alcohol‐related readmission were readmitted within 1 month, and 51.8% (2589) were readmitted within 12 months. At increased risk of readmission were Aboriginal people and those with prior health service contacts occurring before their first alcohol‐related hospitalisation, including illicit drug hospitalisations, mental health contacts and, in a sub‐analysis, emergency department presentations. Discussion and Conclusions The probability of a repeated ARH hospitalisation was highest in the first month after initial discharge. There is a high‐risk sub‐group of young people more likely to have a repeat ARH hospitalisation. This represents an opportunity to provide interventions to those most at risk of repeated ARH.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Young people with prior health service contacts have increased risk of repeated alcohol‐related harm hospitalisations

Sims

Pereira

Preen

et al. 2022

Drug and Alcohol Review

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Current evidence-based recommendations to address substance use issues among youth include a range of comprehensive services, including family-oriented treatments, behavioural therapy, harm reduction services, pharmacological treatments, and long-term recovery services [ 14 – 17 ]. Like with adults, these services should be tailored based on young people’s individual needs and circumstances and should consider concurrent mental health disorders which are common among youth who use substances [ 3 , 15 , 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, current practices utilizing an integrative approach to diagnose and treat SUD and concurrent mental health disorders have yet to be widely implemented [ 20 – 22 ]. Further, the current substance use service landscape has been largely designed to treat SUD in adult populations [ 17 ], who often require more intensive treatment compared to youth [ 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A qualitative study exploring how young people perceive and experience substance use services in British Columbia, Canada

Turuba

Amarasekera

Howard

et al. 2022

Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy

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Background Substance use among youth (ages 12–24) is troublesome given the increasing risk of harms associated. Even more so, substance use services are largely underutilized among youth, most only accessing support when in crisis. Few studies have explored young people’s help-seeking behaviours to address substance use concerns. To address this gap, this study explored how youth perceive and experience substance use services in British Columbia (BC), Canada. Methods Participatory action research methods were used by partnering with BC youth (under the age of 30) from across the province who have lived and/or living experience of substance use to co-design the research protocol and materials. An initial focus group and interviews were held with 30 youth (ages 12–24) with lived and/or living experience of substance use, including alcohol, cannabis, and illicit substances. The discussions were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed thematically using a data-driven approach. Results Three main themes were identified and separated by phase of service interaction, starting with: Prevention/Early intervention, where youth described feeling unworthy of support; Service accessibility, where youth encountered many barriers finding relevant substance use services and information; and Service delivery, where youth highlighted the importance of meeting them where they are at, including supporting those who have milder treatment needs and/or do not meet the diagnosis criteria of a substance use disorder. Conclusions Our results suggest a clear need to prioritize substance use prevention and early interventions specifically targeting youth and young adults. Youth and peers with lived and/or living experience should be involved in co-designing and co-delivering such programs to ensure their relevance and credibility among youth. The current disease model of care leaves many of the needs of this population unmet, calling for a more integrated youth-centred approach to address the multifarious concerns linked to young people’s substance use and service outcomes and experiences.

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“…SBIRT has been applied to the management of alcohol and drug use, smoking cessation, anxiety, and depression ( 119 ). The potential of SBIRT is also recognized across the youth health sector as a way to engage young people into treatment to reduce substance use ( 123 ). In the present report the focus is the prevention and treatment of harmful alcohol and illicit drug use during pregnancy ( Figure 1 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for the Effectiveness and Acceptability of e-SBI or e-SBIRT in the Management of Alcohol and Illicit Substance Use in Pregnant and Post-partum Women

et al. 2021

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Alcohol and illicit psychoactive drug use during pregnancy have increased worldwide, putting women and their children's health and development at risk. Multiple drug use, comorbid psychiatric disorders, sexual and physical abuse are common in women who use alcohol and drugs during pregnancy. The effects on the mother include poor reproductive and life-long health, legal, family, and social problems. Additionally, the exposed child is at increased risk of long-term physical health, mental health, and developmental problems. The stigma associated with substance use during pregnancy and some clinicians' reticence to inquire about substance use means many women are not receiving adequate prenatal, substance abuse, and mental health care. Evidence for mHealth apps to provide health care for pregnant and post-partum women reveal the usability and effectiveness of these apps to reduce gestational weight gain, improve nutrition, promote smoking cessation and manage gestational diabetes mellitus, and treat depression and anxiety. Emerging evidence suggests mHealth technology using a public health approach of electronic screening, brief intervention, or referral to treatment (e-SBIRT) for substance use or abuse can overcome the typical barriers preventing women from receiving treatment for alcohol and drug use during pregnancy. This brief intervention delivered through a mobile device may be equally effective as SBIRT delivered by a health care professional in preventing maternal drug use, minimizing the effects to the exposed child, and providing a pathway to therapeutic options for a substance use disorder. However, larger studies in more diverse settings with women who have co-morbid mental illness and a constellation of social risk factors that are frequently associated with substance use disorders are needed.

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Interventions for Alcohol and Drug Use Disorders in Young People: 10 Key Evidence-Based Approaches to Inform Service Delivery

Cited by 14 publications

References 118 publications

Young people with prior health service contacts have increased risk of repeated alcohol‐related harm hospitalisations

Young people with prior health service contacts have increased risk of repeated alcohol‐related harm hospitalisations

A qualitative study exploring how young people perceive and experience substance use services in British Columbia, Canada

Evidence for the Effectiveness and Acceptability of e-SBI or e-SBIRT in the Management of Alcohol and Illicit Substance Use in Pregnant and Post-partum Women

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