Interventions for posttraumatic stress disorder: a review of the evidence base

Kaminer, Debra; Eagle, Gillian

doi:10.1177/0081246316646950

Cited by 9 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…These variables are aggregated disposable income (taking into account public transfers to people), crime rate, and number of physicians. All the variables that are commonly used to assess socio-economic status that affect populations health [9,[47][48][49][50][51][52] are also related to the society-wide effect of income inequality described by Leigh et al 2009 [24]. In addition to these other possible mediators, we controlled the population density, which has also been reported to affect the population health.…”

Section: Other Variables Relating To Socioeconomic and Materials Condimentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Income Inequality on Health in Quebec: New Insights from Panel Data

et al. 2019

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We investigated the relationship between income inequality and all-cause mortality in 87 regional county municipalities (RCMs) of Quebec (Canada) while accounting for time lags and effects of other socioeconomic variables. We presumed to be true that income inequality entails stress and depression. Thus, these phenomena were tested as mediating factors. The data used consist of eight (8) area-based chronological variables: mortality rate, Gini index, disposable income, criminality rate, number of physicians, density of population, and the proportion of people reporting feeling stressed or depressed. The association between income inequality and mortality was analyzed using the generalized method of moments (GMM) approach with local fixed effects to control unobservable characteristics. Our results show that higher income inequality led to a significant increase of mortality rate with a time lag of 5 years when socioeconomic characteristics were held constant. As expected, households’ disposable income and mortality rate were negatively associated. Moreover, mortality rate was positively associated with population density and negatively associated with the number of physicians. Finally, only depression showed the potential to act as a mediating factor. Based on our findings, we suggest that, over time, income inequality, by amplifying depression phenomena, increases the mortality rate in Quebec’s RCMs.

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Section: Other Variables Relating To Socioeconomic and Materials Condimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the first stage, we tested whether these two variables would vary with income inequality. We performed this test by controlling for the average disposable income and the criminality rate, which may affect stress or depression [49,51,52,69,70].…”

Section: Analyzing Stress and Depression As Mediating Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Income Inequality on Health in Quebec: New Insights from Panel Data

et al. 2019

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“…Kagee and Lund (2012) found that graduate training programmes in clinical psychology and counselling psychology had differing positions towards ESTs in clinical and counselling psychology. Kaminer and Eagle (2017) found that there are several EST's available to use by clinicians from LMICs. Yet the use of ESTs would be devoid of contextual considerations in the absence of locally conducted research.…”

Section: Implementation Of Pe In Lmicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The feasibility of prolonged exposure therapy for PTSD in low- and middle-income countries: a review

Booysen

Kagee

2020

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

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There is a need in the global south to evaluate and implement empirically supported psychological interventions to ameliorate symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Empirically supported treatments (ESTs) have increasingly been developed and implemented, yet the majority people in the global south do not have access to these treatments for mental disorders such as PTSD. Prolonged exposure therapy has accrued substantial empirical evidence to show it as an effective treatment for PTSD. Research on the effectiveness and acceptability of prolonged exposure in a low-and middle-income countries (LMICs) are sparse. This brief report presents a review of prolonged exposure (PE) therapy and its feasibility as a trauma therapy for PTSD in LMICs. First, we present a brief overview of PE as a first-line treatment for PTSD. Second, using South Africa as a case example, we present a brief overview of traumatic stress in South Africa and how mental healthcare has developed since the abolishment of apartheid in 1994. Lastly, we discuss the challenges pertaining to the dissemination and implementation of PE in LMICs and propose future perspectives regarding the implementation of ESTs such as PE in LMICs.

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“…There is a gap in the knowledge of counselors and counselors in training regarding empirically supported interventions for treatment for child trauma (Kaminer & Eagle, 2016; Schneider et al, 2013). To address this gap, I featured TF-CBT and the intervention derivations as “important new therapies that show promise” (Schneider et al, 2013, p. 334).…”

Section: Trauma-focused Family Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Trauma-Focused Family Therapy With Children and Their Families

Boyer

2019

The Family Journal

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Family life is considered to be a context in which children can safely learn life skills such as managing and directing their cognitive, physical, emotional, and behavioral responses to events as a way to achieve a sense of purpose and mastery in life. Traumatic events such as natural disasters, serious accidents, and violence in our homes, schools, or communities may alter an individual’s ability to manage cognitive, physical, emotional, and behavioral functioning. Trauma can significantly affect children and their families, impacting relationships, interactions, and their context. There is evidence to support the use of family therapy with children who have experienced trauma. Family support can improve interactions and relationships and can assist children in resolving trauma symptomology. Trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy (TF-CBT) is professionally recognized as an evidence-based intervention. There are also TF-CBT intervention derivations that have been developed to support children experiencing trauma. TF-CBT and TF-CBT intervention derivations are explored in this article including core components of evidence-based trauma-focused family therapy necessary to support traumatized children and their families. Discussion also includes the importance and evidence-based support for honoring cultural diversity and including optimism and hope into family experiences as both a preventative and interventive measure to manage trauma symptomology.

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Interventions for posttraumatic stress disorder: a review of the evidence base

Cited by 9 publications

References 74 publications

Effect of Income Inequality on Health in Quebec: New Insights from Panel Data

Effect of Income Inequality on Health in Quebec: New Insights from Panel Data

The feasibility of prolonged exposure therapy for PTSD in low- and middle-income countries: a review

Trauma-Focused Family Therapy With Children and Their Families

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