Intestinal absorption, blood transport and hepatic and muscle metabolism of fatty acids in preruminant and ruminant animals

Hocquette, Jean‐François; Bauchart, Dominique

doi:10.1051/rnd:19990102

Cited by 108 publications

(115 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…These results are in concordance with a lower rate of glycolysis in ruminant red blood cells than in red cells of humans and dogs [9]. Glucose fermentation of dietary carbohydrates are short-chain fatty acids, mainly acetate, propionate and butyrate (for review, see [44]). As a consequence of the low dietary absorption of glucose, blood glucose level is slightly lower in weaned ruminants than in monogastric species, and ruminants have somewhat adapted the regulation of their glucose metabolism (for review, see [18]): for example, the major part of circulating glucose originates from hepatic neoglucogenesis from propionate, lactate, glycerol and amino acids, rather than food absorption.…”

Section: Fate Of Glucosesupporting

confidence: 71%

Facilitative glucose transporters in livestock species

Hocquette

Abé

2000

Reprod. Nutr. Dev.

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-The study of facilitative glucose transporters (GLUT) requires carefully done immunological experiments and sensitive molecular biology approaches to identify the various mechanisms which control GLUT expression at the RNA and protein levels. The cloning of species-specific GLUT cDNAs showed that GLUT4 and GLUT1 diverge less among species than other GLUT isoforms. The key role of GLUT in glucose homeostasis has been demonstrated in livestock species. In vitro studies have suggested specific roles of GLUT1 and GLUT3 in avian cells. In vivo studies have demonstrated a regulation of GLUTs (especially of GLUT4) by nutritional and hormonal factors in pigs and cattle, in lactating cows and goats and throughout the foetal life in the placenta and tissues of lambs and calves. All these results suggest that any changes in GLUT expression and activity (such as GLUT4 in muscles) could modify nutrient partitioning and tissue metabolism, and hence, the qualities of animal products (milk, meat).glucose transporter / pig / ruminant / poultry Résumé -Les transporteurs du glucose à diffusion facilitée chez les animaux de ferme. L'étude des transporteurs du glucose à diffusion facilitée (GLUT) nécessite des techniques en immunologie ou en biologie moléculaire précises et sensibles pour étudier la régulation de leur expression au niveau ARNm ou protéique. Le clonage d'ADNc des différents GLUT a montré que GLUT4 et GLUT1 divergent moins entre espèces que les autres isoformes de GLUT. Le rôle important des GLUT dans le contrôle de l'homéostasie du glucose a été démontré chez les animaux de ferme. Des études in vitro ont suggéré un rôle spécifique de GLUT1 et de GLUT3 dans les cellules aviaires. Des études in vivo ont mis en évidence une régulation des GLUT (notamment GLUT4) par des facteurs nutritionnels ou hormonaux chez le porc et le bovin, chez la vache ou la chèvre en lactation, et tout au long de la vie foetale dans le placenta et les tissus de l'agneau ou du veau. L'ensemble de ces résultats suggère que tout changement dans l'expression et l'activité des GLUT (tel que de GLUT4 dans les muscles) peut modifier la répartition des nutriments et le métabolisme tissulaire, et affecter ainsi la qualité des produits animaux (lait, viande).transporteur du glucose / porc / ruminant / volaille Reprod. Nutr. Dev. 40 (2000) 517-533 517

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Section: Fate Of Glucosesupporting

confidence: 71%

Facilitative glucose transporters in livestock species

Hocquette

Abé

2000

Reprod. Nutr. Dev.

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“…This delays the absorption of amino acids and fatty acids. As a consequence, the postprandial hormonal status is altered, thereby affecting protein metabolism: insulin secretion is lower with milk replacers rich in proteins which do not curdle in the abomasum (for review, see Hocquette and Bauchart, 1999). Furthermore, with a nonclotting diet, we observed an orientation of the muscle tissue towards a more oxidative type and indications of a lower efficiency of amino acids for protein deposition (Ortigues-Marty et al, 2003).…”

Section: Effect Of Nutrient Deliverymentioning

confidence: 90%

“…the conversion of acetyl-CoA into malonyl-CoA). Consequently, any change in insulin secretion or in LCFA supply to the liver modifies the balance of fat within the liver and therefore the supply of fat to peripheral tissues (for review, see Hocquette and Bauchart, 1999). Other studies have shown that oxidation of fatty acids provides ATP needed for gluconeogenesis supporting strong interrelationships between glucose and fatty acid metabolism in the liver (Drackley et al, 2001).…”

Section: Hepatic Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, succinyl-CoA generated from propionate inhibits ketogenesis. A low delivery of propionate to the liver, due for instance to a forage-based diet would therefore enhance ketosis in the ruminant liver (for review, see Hocquette and Bauchart, 1999). The majority of absorbed propionate is converted to glucose within the liver.…”

Section: Effect Of the Nature Of Nutrientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Responses to nutrients in farm animals: implications for production and quality

Hocquette

Tesseraud

Cassar-Malek

et al. 2007

Animal

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It is well known that any quantitative (energy and protein levels) and qualitative (nature of the diet, nutrient dynamic) changes in the feeding of animals affect metabolism. Energy expenditure and feed efficiency at the whole-body level, nutrient partitioning between and within tissues and organs and, ultimately, tissue and organ characteristics are the major regulated traits with consequences on the quality of the meat and milk produced. Recent progress in biology has brought to light important biological mechanisms which explain these observations: for instance, regulation by the nutrients of gene expression or of key metabolic enzyme activity, interaction and sometimes cross-regulation or competition between nutrients to provide free energy (ATP) to living cells, indirect action of nutrients through a complex hormonal action, and, particularly in herbivores, interactions between trans-fatty acids produced in the rumen and tissue metabolism. One of the main targets of this nutritional regulation is a modification of tissue insulin sensitivity and hence of insulin action. In addition, the nutritional control of mitochondrial activity (and hence of nutrient catabolism) is another major mechanism by which nutrients may affect body composition and tissue characteristics. These regulations are of great importance in the most metabolically active tissues (the digestive tract and the liver) and may have undesirable (i.e. diabetes and obesity in humans) or desirable consequences (such as the production of fatty liver by ducks and geese, and the production of fatty and hence tasty meat or milk with an adapted fatty acid profile).

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“…One explanation might be the low efficiency of bovine animals in secreting FA from the liver [41], therefore directing FA preferentially towards the oxidative pathway. The oxidation of both rumenic and oleic acids led mainly to ASP production.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro metabolism of rumenic acid in bovine liver slices

et al. 2005

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-Ruminant products are the major source of CLA for humans. However, during periods of fat mobilization, the liver might play an important role in CLA metabolism which would limit the availability of the latter for muscles and milk. In this context, rumenic acid (cis-9, trans-11 CLA) metabolism in the bovine liver (n = 5) was compared to that of oleic acid (n = 3) by using the in vitro liver slice method. Liver slices were incubated for 17 h in a medium containing 0.75 mM of FA mixture and 55 µM of either [1-14 C] rumenic acid or [1-14 C] oleic acid at 37 °C under an atmosphere of 95% O 2 -5% CO 2 . Rumenic acid uptake by liver slices was twice (P = 0.009) that of oleic acid. Hepatic oxidation of both FA (> 50% of incorporated FA) led essentially to the production of acidsoluble products and to a lower extent to CO 2 production. Rumenic acid was partly converted (> 12% of incorporated rumenic acid) into conjugated C18:3. CLA and its conjugated derivatives were mainly esterified into polar lipids (71.7%), whereas oleic acid was preferentially esterified into neutral lipids (59.8%). Rumenic acid secretion as part of VLDL particles was very low and was onefourth lower than that of oleic acid. In conclusion, rumenic acid was highly metabolized by bovine hepatocytes, especially by the oxidation pathway and by its conversion into conjugated C18:3 for which the biological properties need to be elucidated. rumenic acid / oleic acid / metabolism / liver / bovine Abbreviations: ASP, acid-soluble products; BSA, bovine serum albumin; CLA, conjugated linoleic acid; FA, fatty acids; NL, neutral lipids; PL, polar lipids; VLDL, very-low density lipoproteins.

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Intestinal absorption, blood transport and hepatic and muscle metabolism of fatty acids in preruminant and ruminant animals

Cited by 108 publications

References 62 publications

Facilitative glucose transporters in livestock species

Facilitative glucose transporters in livestock species

Responses to nutrients in farm animals: implications for production and quality

In vitro metabolism of rumenic acid in bovine liver slices

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