Intestinal dysbiosis in inflammatory bowel disease

Kaur, Nirmal; Chen, Chun Chia; Luther, Jay; Kao, John Y.

doi:10.4161/gmic.2.4.17863

Cited by 113 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…In particular, probiotic bacteria with anti-inflammatory capabilities offer new perspectives in the context of a rising incidence of pathologies linked with dysbiosis21. The latter involves an imbalance of the gut microbiota, involving the expansion of pro-inflammatory bacteria at the expense of their anti-inflammatory counterparts22. Diet modulates the structure, diversity and metabolism of the gut microbiota2324, suggesting that these diseases could be alleviated by dietary intervention.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of proteins involved in the anti-inflammatory properties of Propionibacterium freudenreichii by means of a multi-strain study

Deutsch

Mariadassou

Nicolas

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Propionibacterium freudenreichii, a dairy starter, can reach a population of almost 109 propionibacteria per gram in Swiss-type cheese at the time of consumption. Also consumed as a probiotic, it displays strain-dependent anti-inflammatory properties mediated by surface proteins that induce IL-10 in leukocytes. We selected 23 strains with varied anti-inflammatory potentials in order to identify the protein(s) involved. After comparative genomic analysis, 12 of these strains were further analysed by surface proteomics, eight of them being further submitted to transcriptomics. The omics data were then correlated to the anti-inflammatory potential evaluated by IL-10 induction. This comparative omics strategy highlighted candidate genes that were further subjected to gene-inactivation validation. This validation confirmed the contribution of surface proteins, including SlpB and SlpE, two proteins with SLH domains known to mediate non-covalent anchorage to the cell-wall. Interestingly, HsdM3, predicted as cytoplasmic and involved in DNA modification, was shown to contribute to anti-inflammatory activity. Finally, we demonstrated that a single protein cannot explain the anti-inflammatory properties of a strain. These properties therefore result from different combinations of surface and cytoplasmic proteins, depending on the strain. Our enhanced understanding of the molecular bases for immunomodulation will enable the relevant screening for bacterial resources with anti-inflammatory properties.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of proteins involved in the anti-inflammatory properties of Propionibacterium freudenreichii by means of a multi-strain study

Deutsch

Mariadassou

Nicolas

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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“…However, an altered gut microbiota has long been suspected to play an important role in IBD pathogenesis. 5,6 In this context, the frequent recovery of particular strains of Escherichia coli with adherent and invasive properties [adherentinvasive E. coli, AIEC] from the mucosa of CD patients has attracted considerable attention. These bacteria constitute a new pathovar of E. coli, lacking the type III secretion system and other classical virulence factors typically associated with pathogenic intestinal E. coli.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacteriophages targeting adherent invasive Escherichia coli strains as a promising new treatment for Crohn's disease

Galtier

Sordi

Sivignon

et al. 2017

ECCOJC

125

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Background and Aims: Adherent invasive Escherichia coli [AIEC] are abnormally predominant on the ileal mucosa of Crohn's disease [CD] patients. They bind to the CEACAM6 receptor expressed on the surface of epithelial cells. We aimed to assess the potential of bacteriophages, viruses infecting bacteria, to decrease the levels of AIEC bacteria associated with the intestinal mucosa. Methods: We combined ex vivo and in vivo experiments with murine and human intestinal samples to quantify the ability of virulent bacteriophages to target the prototype AIEC strain LF82. Results: We found that three virulent bacteriophages were able to replicate in ileal, caecal and colonic sections and faeces homogenates from murine gut samples colonised with the prototype AIEC strain LF82. A single day of per os treatment with the three bacteriophages cocktail given to LF82-colonised CEABAC10 transgenic mice, expressing the human CEACAM6 receptor for AIEC, decreased significantly the number of AIEC in faeces and in the adherent flora of intestinal sections. In addition, a single dose of the cocktail reduced dextran sodium sulphate-induced colitis symptoms on conventional mice colonised with the strain LF82 over a 2-week period. The cocktail targeted also LF82 bacteria in homogenates of ileal biopsies taken from CD patients.Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that bacteriophages are a new treatment option for targeting AIEC in CD patients and represent a strong basis for a clinical trial evaluation.

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“…In vitro assays have shown that this altered microbiota and some enterobacteria isolated from CD patients could activate proinflammatory pathways, while some bifidobacteria could inhibit the inflammatory or toxic effects induced by the same isolated enterobacteria and gluten peptides (21)(22)(23)(24). Alterations in the intestinal microbiota are also involved in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) (25,26) and other immune-related disorders (27)(28)(29). For instance, IBD patients have altered duodenal bacterial populations in comparison to healthy controls (30)(31)(32).…”

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confidence: 99%

Duodenal-Mucosal Bacteria Associated with Celiac Disease in Children

Sánchez

Donat

Ribes-Koninckx

et al. 2013

Appl Environ Microbiol

149

119

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bCeliac disease (CD) is an immune-mediated enteropathy triggered by the ingestion of cereal gluten proteins. This disorder is associated with imbalances in the gut microbiota composition that could be involved in the pathogenesis of CD. The aim of this study was to characterize the composition and diversity of the cultivable duodenal mucosa-associated bacteria of CD patients and control children. Duodenal biopsy specimens from patients with active disease on a gluten-containing diet (n ‫؍‬ 32), patients with nonactive disease after adherence to a gluten-free diet (n ‫؍‬ 17), and controls (n ‫؍‬ 8) were homogenized and plated on plate count agar, Wilkins-Chalgren agar, brain heart agar, or yeast, Casitone, and fatty acid agar. The isolates were identified by partial 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Renyi diversity profiles showed the highest diversity values for active CD patients, followed by nonactive CD patients and control individuals. Members of the phylum Proteobacteria were more abundant in patients with active CD than in the other child groups, while those of the phylum Firmicutes were less abundant. Members of the families Enterobacteriaceae and Staphylococcaceae, particularly the species Klebsiella oxytoca, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Staphylococcus pasteuri, were more abundant in patients with active disease than in controls. In contrast, members of the family Streptococcaceae were less abundant in patients with active CD than in controls. Furthermore, isolates of the Streptococcus anginosus and Streptococcus mutans groups were more abundant in controls than in both CD patient groups, regardless of inflammatory status. The findings indicated that the disease is associated with the overgrowth of possible pathobionts that exclude symbionts or commensals that are characteristic of the healthy small intestinal microbiota.

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Intestinal dysbiosis in inflammatory bowel disease

Cited by 113 publications

References 47 publications

Identification of proteins involved in the anti-inflammatory properties of Propionibacterium freudenreichii by means of a multi-strain study

Identification of proteins involved in the anti-inflammatory properties of Propionibacterium freudenreichii by means of a multi-strain study

Bacteriophages targeting adherent invasive Escherichia coli strains as a promising new treatment for Crohn's disease

Duodenal-Mucosal Bacteria Associated with Celiac Disease in Children

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