Intestinal Ischemia and the Gut–Liver Axis: An in Vitro Model

Towfigh, Shirin; Heisler, Tracy; Rigberg, David A.; Hines, Oscar J.; Chu, Jason; McFadden, David W.; Chandler, Charles F.

doi:10.1006/jsre.1999.5767

Cited by 45 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…6 Intestinal circulation is coupled in series with the liver vasculature, which traps circulating leucocytes activated by gut IR and, following intestinal ischaemia, Kupffer cells are the primary source of pro-inflammatory cytokine release. 7,8 Although gut IR is not characterised by early histological liver lesions, a subcellular approach might nevertheless throw light on a role of the liver in the deleterious effects induced by gut IR. 9 The study of liver mitochondria, in particular, might be useful as mitochondria are the main energy source in cells and convert nutrients into energy through cellular respiration.…”

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confidence: 99%

Methylene Blue Protects Liver Oxidative Capacity after Gut Ischaemia–Reperfusion in the Rat

Collange

Charles

Bouitbir

et al. 2013

European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery

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confidence: 99%

Methylene Blue Protects Liver Oxidative Capacity after Gut Ischaemia–Reperfusion in the Rat

Collange

Charles

Bouitbir

et al. 2013

European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery

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“…It has been reported that Kupffer cells are responsible for the increased levels of TNF, IL-1, IL-6 in trauma, haemorrhagic shock and resuscitation. Decreasing the number or functional ability of Kupffer cells can lead to decreased levels of inflammatory cytokines as seen in the models of liver resection and sepsis (Towfigh et al 2000;Savas et al 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lung Injury After Aortic Occlusion-Reperfusion in Rats: the Role of Gadolinium Chloride

Okutan

Savaş

Özgüner

et al. 2004

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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Aortic ischemiareperfusion (AIR) induced lung injury has already been documented. Kupffer cell blockage (KCB) with gadolinium chloride (GdCl 3 ) has also been shown to attenuate remote organ damage caused by ischemia reperfusion. The present study was designed to examine the effect of GdCl 3 in lung ischemia-reperfusion injury induced by aortic occlusion. Thirty-two rats were randomly allocated to four groups as follows: SHAM (Sham Laparotomy), SHAM+KCB, AIR, and AIR+KCB. An atraumatic microvascular clamp was placed across the infrarenal abdominal aorta just after its origin from the aorta for 30 minutes. The microvascular clamp on the infrarenal abdominal aorta was removed and reperfused for 60 minutes. GdCl 3 was given 24 hours prior to the experiment. Malondialdehyde (MDA) level and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity were assayed in lung tissues. MDA level and MPO activity in the AIR group were significantly higher than those in the other groups. When compared to AIR group, KCB with GdCl 3 significantly decreased MDA level and MPO activity in the AIR+KCB group. These results suggest that GdCl 3 attenuates the lung injury caused by AIR. The effects of GdCl 3 on reduced lung damage may be mediated through significant decreases in both MDA level and MPO activity. gadolinium chloride; ischemia-reperfusion; lung

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“…Then the translocation of bacteria and noxious substances (endotoxin, OFRs, and cytokines) occurs through the weakened intestinal barrier. 3 Bacteremia and septicemia resulting from the translocation of bacteria and noxious substances may induce systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). 8,9 Until recently, SIRS and MODS constituted the highest causes of death in intensive care patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If intestinal I/R occurs, intestinal mucosa is injured, since it is highly sensitive to I/R. 3 The injured intestinal mucosa generates an immuno-inflammatory response by various methods. In this process, oxygen-free radical species (OFRs), arachidonic acid metabolites, cytokines (tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-␣, interleukin [IL]-1␤, and IL-6), and chemokines are generated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bovine Colostrum Prevents Bacterial Translocation in an Intestinal Ischemia/Reperfusion-Injured Rat Model

Choi

Jung

Lee³

et al. 2009

Journal of Medicinal Food

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This study evaluated whether or not bovine colostrum (BC) is able to treat or prevent intestinal barrier damage, bacterial translocation, and the related systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) in an intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-injured rat model. Fifty Sprague-Dawley rats were used. The rats' intestinal I/R injuries were induced by clamping the superior mesenteric artery for 30 minutes. After 3 hours of reperfusion and then twice daily reclamping during the experiment, the experimental group was given BC (4 mL/kg/day) perorally, and the other groups received 0.9% saline and low fat milk (LFM) after intestinal I/R injury. Seventy-two hours later we assessed (1) intestinal damage and intestinal permeability, (2) enteric bacterial count and bacterial translocation, (3) serum albumin, protein, and hepatic enzyme levels, (4) pathologic findings of ileum and lung, (5) activity of oxygen-free radical species, and (6) pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1beta). Intestinal damage, intestinal permeability, and bacterial translocation to other organs were significantly reduced in rats fed with BC after I/R when compared to rats fed LFM/saline after I/R (P < .05). In the evaluation of acute lung injury, neutrophils were found only in the lungs of the saline-fed group after I/R, and the wet/dry ratio of the lung tissue was significantly reduced in the BC-fed group after I/R compared to other I/R groups. A marked difference was found between LFM/saline-fed groups and BC-fed groups regarding malondialdehyde (P < .05) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (P < .01). In conclusion, BC may have beneficial effects in treating and preventing intestinal barrier damage, bacterial translocation and the related SIRS and MODS in the intestinal I/R-injured rat model.

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Intestinal Ischemia and the Gut–Liver Axis: An in Vitro Model

Cited by 45 publications

References 24 publications

Methylene Blue Protects Liver Oxidative Capacity after Gut Ischaemia–Reperfusion in the Rat

Methylene Blue Protects Liver Oxidative Capacity after Gut Ischaemia–Reperfusion in the Rat

Lung Injury After Aortic Occlusion-Reperfusion in Rats: the Role of Gadolinium Chloride

Bovine Colostrum Prevents Bacterial Translocation in an Intestinal Ischemia/Reperfusion-Injured Rat Model

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