Intestinal ischemia due to methamphetamine use: A case report

Choi, Kihoon; Imrie, Andrew; Lourie, Rohan; Cross, Trent

doi:10.1016/j.ijscr.2019.03.061

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Cases of people who chronically use METH and suffer from gastrointestinal diseases, such as nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia 48 and intestinal ischemia 49 , may help explain these changes in the gut microbiota composition. Our results showed that several gut microorganisms, including Fusobacteria, Fusobacteriia, Fusobacteriales and Fusobacteriaceae , were negatively correlated with the duration of METH use.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered fecal microbiota composition in individuals who abuse methamphetamine

Yang

Liu

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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As a severe public health problem, methamphetamine (METH) abuse places a heavy burden on families and society. A growing amount of evidence has indicated communication between gut microbiota and the CNS in drug addiction, with associations to neural, endocrine and immune pathways. Thus, we searched for alterations in the gut microbiota and their potential effects in METH users through 16S rRNA gene sequencing. A decreased Shannon index indicated lower bacterial diversity in the METH users than in the age-matched control group. The gut microbial community composition in the METH users was also altered, including reductions in Deltaproteobacteria and Bacteroidaceae abundances and increases in Sphingomonadales, Xanthomonadales, Romboutsia and Lachnospiraceae abundances. Moreover, the Fusobacteria abundance was correlated with the duration of METH use. Enterobacteriaceae, Ruminococcaceae, Bacteroides, and Faecalibacterium had statistically significant correlations with items related to the positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia and to general psychopathology in the METH users, and all have previously been reported to be altered in individuals with psychotic syndromes, especially depression. Abstraction, one of the items of the cognitive assessment, was positively related to Blautia. These findings revealed alterations in the gut microbiota of METH users, and these alterations may play a role in psychotic syndrome and cognitive impairment. Although the mechanisms behind the links between these disorders and METH abuse are unknown, the relationships may indicate similarities in the pathogenesis of psychosis induced by METH abuse and other causes, providing a new paradigm for addiction and METH use disorder treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered fecal microbiota composition in individuals who abuse methamphetamine

Yang

Liu

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…Methamphetamine may lead to cardiovascular complications through catecholamine toxicity, due to its high-affinity interactions with binding sites on the dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin receptors (47). Several clinical and postmortem studies have reported an association between amphetamine use and cardiovascular disease (4)(5)(6)48,49), and several clinical case reports (9,10,26,50,51) have reported that methamphetamine use may be a cause of nonobstructive i n t e s t i n a l i s c h e m i a . O n e s t u d y r e p o r t e d t h a t methamphetamine use may be associated with significant microvascular compromise, which increases the risk of mesenteric ischemia (50); however, the mechanisms of these pathological responses in the intestinal tissue of methamphetamine users are still largely unknown (4).…”

Section: Methamphetamine Use Impairs Mesenteric Vasodilator Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, abdominal complications due to methamphetamine use are uncommon and often ignored by clinicians (9); consequently, the resulting gastrointestinal pathology has rarely been reported. Although some cases of life-threatening abdominal complications caused by methamphetamine-induced mesenteric ischemia have been described previously (3,9,10), systematically organized domestic studies are lacking. A previous study (11) reported that gut dysbiosis impaired the intestinal barrier and impaired innate immune function in methamphetaminedependent rats, leading to inflammation and infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal mRNA expression profile and bioinformatics analysis in a methamphetamine-induced mouse model of inflammatory bowel disease

Sun

Chen

et al. 2020

Ann Transl Med

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Background: Methamphetamine use has become a serious global public health problem and puts increasing burdens on healthcare services. Abdominal complications caused by methamphetamine use are uncommon and often go ignored by clinicians. The exact intestinal pathological alterations and transcriptomic responses associated with methamphetamine use are not well understood. This study sought to investigate the transcriptome in a methamphetamine-induced mouse model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) using next-generation RNA sequencing.Methods: Tissues from the ileum of methamphetamine-treated mice (n=5) and control mice (n=5) were dissected, processed and applied to RNA-sequencing. Bioinformatics and histopathological analysis were then performed. The expression profiles of intestinal tissue samples were analyzed and their expression profiles were integrated to obtain the differentially expressed genes and analyzed using bioinformatics. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses of the differentially expressed genes were performed using Metascape.Results: A total of 326 differentially expressed genes were identified; of these genes, 120 were upregulated and 206 were downregulated. The Gene Ontology analysis showed that the biological processes of the differentially expressed genes were focused primarily on the regulation of cellular catabolic processes, endocytosis, and autophagy. The main cellular components included the endoplasmic and endocytic vesicles, cytoskeleton, adherens junctions, focal adhesions, cell body, and lysosomes. Molecular functions included protein transferase, GTPase and proteinase activities, actin-binding, and protein-lipid complex binding.The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis showed that the differentially expressed genes were mainly involved in bacterial invasion of epithelial cells, protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum, regulation of the actin cytoskeleton, and T-cell receptor signaling pathways. A set of overlapping genes between IBD and methamphetamine-treated intestinal tissues was discovered. Conclusions:The present study is the first to analyze intestinal samples from methamphetamine-treated mice using high-throughput RNA sequencing. This study revealed key molecules that might be involved in

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“…This psychoactive drug is neurotoxic and proven to cause cognitive deficits including a range of adverse impacts on attention, executive functions, information processing, episodic, visual, learning memory, language, and motor skills [ 3 - 5 ]. However, its production and abuse have continued to increase over the years [ 6 , 7 ]. There are well-documented cardiovascular and cerebrovascular pathologies of this drug.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal Ischemia Due to Methamphetamine Abuse in a Confused Elderly Patient: A Case Report

Sherkawi¹,

Aljaafari²,

AlGhannam³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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Bowel ischemia is a critical entity that mandates an early and proper diagnosis. Causes of bowel ischemia are numerous, yet, identifying and treating the exact cause is challenging. Methamphetamine-induced bowel ischemia is rare but of clinical significance due to its high disease burden.We describe a case of a 67-year-old man who presented with colicky abdominal pain shortly after methamphetamine intake. CT angiography was done and failed to show occlusive causes, which pointed to a non-occlusive cause of bowel ischemia. The patient was hemodynamically stable on admission. Diagnostic laparoscopy was converted to laparotomy; segmental gangrene of both the small and large bowels was found. Resection of the ischemic part was done. The patient improved and was hemodynamically stable postoperatively.In conclusion, a holistic approach to patient history and physical examination can grab attention to unusual pathologies that lead to early intervention and fastened life-saving measures. Questions about stimulant drug use are crucial not only in younger patients but in older patients as well. In this case, we highlight the surgical, medical, and mental aspects of methamphetamine abuse in the elderly population.

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Intestinal ischemia due to methamphetamine use: A case report

Cited by 8 publications

References 19 publications

Altered fecal microbiota composition in individuals who abuse methamphetamine

Altered fecal microbiota composition in individuals who abuse methamphetamine

Intestinal mRNA expression profile and bioinformatics analysis in a methamphetamine-induced mouse model of inflammatory bowel disease

Intestinal Ischemia Due to Methamphetamine Abuse in a Confused Elderly Patient: A Case Report

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