Intestinal Lactase Deficit in Adults

Dunphy, James V.; Littman, Armand; Hammond, James M.; Forstner, G.; Dahlqvist, Arne; Crane, Robert K.

doi:10.1016/s0016-5085(19)34578-0

Cited by 108 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Because it is inconvenient to take small intestinal biopsies for lactase activity determinations, a lactose tolerance (loading) test was developed to verify hypolactasia or, in fact, the ability of the small intestinal mucosa to hydrolyse and absorb lactose (13,31,41,48,60,79,110). The terms lactose malabsorption and lactose maldigestion describe a poor lactose hydrolysing capacity which can be demonstrated, e.g.…”

Section: The Terminologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…as a small rise in blood glucose or in blood glucose and galactose concentration in the lactose tolerance test. It almost always implies hypolactasia, often making these terms interchangeable (31,60,79). Flaw recommends the term low lactose digestion capacity and as its counterpart high lactose digestion capacity (42).…”

Section: The Terminologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, some people with lactose malabsorption are very asymptomatic and there are people who cannot tolerate lactose, although lactose is hydrolysed and absorbed (31,93). Therefore the term lactose intolerance should be avoided when speaking about lactose malabsorption in general, but used about aclinical entity, i.e.…”

Section: The Terminologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hypolactasia and Lactase Persistence Historical Review and the Terminology

Sahi

1994

Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology

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and Headquarters of the Frontier Guard, Helsinki, Finland Sahi T. Hypolactasia and lactase persistence. Historical review and the terminology. %and J Gastroenterol 19!44;29 Suppl202:1-6.Lactase (more precisely lactase-phlorizin hydrolase) is located in the brush border of the small intestinal enterocytes and is responsible for the hydrolysis of dietary lactose. The earliest studies on lactase activity in mammals were published around the turn of the century. In 1903, it was found that the dog had a very low lactase activity and therefore lactose remained unhydrolysed, causing diarrhoea. Human hypolactasia was demonstrated in 1%3, and it was soon found that it is very common, commoner than lactase persistence in most parts of the world. In 1973, adult-type hypolactasia was shown to be inherited by an autosomal recessive single gene. This article reviews the early expansion of the knowledge on lactase and hypolactasia as well as the correct terminology.(47) * Scand J Gastroenterol Downloaded from informahealthcare.com by Indiana University on 12/13/14For personal use only.

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Section: The Terminologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Terminologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hypolactasia and Lactase Persistence Historical Review and the Terminology

Sahi

1994

Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology

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“…High amounts of luminal lactate were found in subjects with poor digestion and absorption of lactose because of a lactase deficiency. When lactose reaches the colon, it is apparently fermented to lactic acid and much of it appears in the feces (31).…”

Section: Determinants Of Colonie Luminal Phmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants and consequences of colonic luminal pH: Implications for colon cancer

Newmark

Lupton

1990

Nutrition and Cancer

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Epidemiological data suggest that increased risk of colon cancer is correlated with a higher fecal pH. Although some experimental studies have shown a protective effect against experimentally induced colon cancer by acidifying colonic contents, others have shown that a more acidified colonic content is associated with increased cell proliferation and enhanced tumorigenesis. It is now clear that simply acidifying colonic contents will not consistently result in decreased tumorigenesis. Perhaps the key is how colonic contents are acidified--a decrease in base production or an increase in acid production. Or, more important than luminal pH itself, may be a factor affected by changes in hydrogen ion concentration. This paper reviews the determinants of colonic luminal pH and their dietary sources and discusses important physiological consequences of modifying the pH of colonic contents.

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“…Several investigators have found a good correlation between the lactase level in specimens of jejunal mucosa and the maximum rise in blood glucose after lactose (Dunphy, Littman, Hammond, Forstner, Dahlqvist, and Crane, 1965;McMichael, Webb, andDawson, 1965, 1966;Peternel, 1965;Cook and Kajubi, 1966;Welsh, 1966). Others have not found such a good association (Friedland, 1965;Newcomer and McGill, 1966a).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%