Intestinal microbiota and immunoglobulin E responses in 5‐year‐old Estonian children

Abstract

The development of allergic diseases seems to be associated with the composition of the gut microbial ecosystem. High counts of potential pathogens, such as clostridia, are associated with clinical manifestations of allergy and IgE antibody formation.

Comparative Analysis of Fecal Microbiota in 5 - 8-Year-old Children with and without Cow Milk Protein Allergy

“…In the current study, the main observations were that the diversity of the fecal microbiota in CMPA children in the range of 5-8-years-old was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than that of healthy individuals in the same age range, which is consistent with the findings of previous studies in infants and children <5 years old (29,30). In addition, higher levels of Clostridium and Escherichia coli, which have been proven to play important roles in more severe manifestations of allergies along with specific IgE antibodies to food, diarrhea, and inflammatory processes (17,31,32) were present in the DGGE gels of children with CMPA. Bacteroides sp.…”

Microbiota and Allergy: From Dysbiosis to Probiotics

“…The prevalence of Bifidobacterium has been found to be similar in healthy and allergic subjects, whatever the allergic disease (Stsepetova et al, 2007;Waligora-Dupriet et al, 2011), and for atopic dermatitis (Gore et al, 2008), and wheezing (Murray et al, 2005). However, the findings of one study are discordant (Sepp et al, 2005) with none of the 5-year-old children with atopic dermatitis and only one child with bronchial asthma colonized with bifidobacteria. Besides, low levels of bifidobacterial colonization have been observed in infants suffering from atopic dermatitis (Kirjavainen et al, 2001;Watanabe et al, 2003;Mah et al, 2006) and in infants suffering from atopic dermatitis and wheezing; note that these results have been contradicted by studies comparing healthy subjects with wheezing infants without other symptoms (Murray et al, 2005) and with patients suffering from both atopic dermatitis and food allergy (Penders et al, 2006a).…”

Nature vs. Nurture: The Gut Microbiome and Genetics in the Development of Gastrointestinal Disease

“…Perhaps the most well studied bacterial alteration of infancy is a decrease in Bifidobacterium and Lactobacilli, which is associated with an increased risk of food allergies and atopy. Despite supporting evidence from studies including the use of bacterial cultures, fluorescence in-situ hybridization, and 16S rDNA sequencing, two major prospective trials offer conflicting results [15,[17][18][19][20][21][22]. Interestingly, only the studies carried out in Sweden or Estonia found a protective role of Lactobacilli against the development of atopy, suggesting that potential genetic or environmental factors, such as variability in the bacterial strain, may play an influential role in determining the microbiome of early infancy [6].…”